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NURS 2522 > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

define critical reflection

A
  • process by which adults identify the assumptions governing their actions, locate the historical & cultural origins of these assumptions, question the meaning of them, and develop alternative ways of thinking
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2
Q

what are the 3 levels of reflection

A
  1. content
  2. process
  3. premise
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3
Q

what is content reflection

A
  • the “what”
  • used when we encounter a new situation and need to understand the difference between it & what they previously knew or understoof
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4
Q

what is process reflection

A
  • the how
  • occurs when the practitioner perceives their current knowledge, abilities, or skills as insufficient to guide decision-making and action
  • motivates the person to acquire new knowledge & skills
  • fundamental to life-long learning & profession growth
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5
Q

what is premise reflection

A
  • the why

- includes deconstructing practice situation to unconver assumptions, social constructions, power-relations

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6
Q

what are the 4 attributes of critical reflection

A
  • perceive
  • analysis
  • reconstruct
  • deconstruct
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7
Q

what is perception r/t critical reflection

A
  • taking note of a critical incident

- reveals gap in knowledge, between theory & practice, etc.

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8
Q

what is analysis r/t critical reflection

A
  • conducting a intellectual analysis of the situation to identify
    1. root causes
    2. appropruate actions
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9
Q

what is reconstruction

A
  • content or process reflection
    involves:
    1. identifying needed changes to current knowledge, skills, attitudes
    2. making these changes to support professional growth & life-long learning
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10
Q

when does reconstruction occur

A
  • post-event
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11
Q

what is deconstruction

A

involves:

  • acknowledging & challenging the construction of knowledge & poiwer
  • analyzing the role these play in creating normative assumptions
  • engaging in strategies that de-stabilize these forces to empower clients & create social change
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12
Q

what is positivism

A
  • system rooted deeply in science
  • states that there is a singular reality (one way to understand the phenomenom) and objective truth with no subjectivity
  • states that knowledge comes from logic
  • focuses on quantitive research
  • and maintains objectivity thru rigid control of processes & neutral tools to faciliate accuracy and precisness
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13
Q

what is constructivism

A
  • system rooted closely with constructions
  • states that knowledge comes from human experience
  • states that there is multiple realities and subjective truths
  • uses qualitative research where the researcher is the instrument
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14
Q

define social construction

A
  • the theory that what we accept as truth & reality is influenced by the social structures around us, and our social interactions & our interpretations of those interactions
  • many aspects of the world exist only bc of social agreement of them
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15
Q

what does social construction help shape

A
  • beliefs
  • values
  • perceptions
  • how we few others
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16
Q

what are the 2 types of social construction

A
  • weak

- strong

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17
Q

what is weak construction

A
  • social constructs based off brute facts
18
Q

what is strong construction

A
  • states that all knowledge is a social construct
  • no facts just exist
  • explains reality thru the thoughts of humans
19
Q

reconstruction relates to what 2 types of reflection

A
  • content (what)

- process (how)

20
Q

deconstruction relates to what type of reflection

A
  • premise (why)
21
Q

define privilege

A
  • socially constructed advantages granted to one person, or group of people
22
Q

when does deconstruction occur

A
  • in the moment
23
Q

list 5 examples of privilege

A
  • white
  • male
  • heterosexual
  • ableist
  • socio-economic
24
Q

what are the 4 models of disability

A
  • medical
  • minority
  • social
  • structural
25
Q

what is the medical model of disability

A
  • states that functional impairments are the impediment & should work at correcting
26
Q

what is the minority model of disability

A
  • sees the lack of equal rights between able & disabled persons as the impediment, which we should work at correcting
27
Q

what is the structural model of disability

A
  • sees the enviro as the impediment, which we should work at correcting
  • society is built to be accessible to able bodied people bc they largely shape society
28
Q

what is the social model of disability

A
  • states that societal barriers are the primary impediment to individuals w disability
  • states that disability is imposed on top of the impairment by systemic isolation and exclusion from full participation
29
Q

what are some sources of diversity

A
  • age
  • sexual orientation
  • socioecnomoics
  • family
  • race
  • culture
  • education
  • life experiences
30
Q

how do nurses maintain cultural competency

A
  • cultural desire
  • self awareness
  • knowledge
  • skills
  • conduct cultural assessment
31
Q

what is meant by cultural desire

A
  • the want/desire to learn about other cultures
32
Q

what is meant by self-awareness

A
  • think critically about assumptions, stereotypes, or biases you hold
33
Q

what is meant by knowledge r/t cultural competency

A
  • exposing yourself as often as possible to different cultures thru visits, convo, literature with people of broad cultural backgrounds
34
Q

what is meant by skills r/t cultural competency

A
  • adopting culturally appropriate communication

- show respect & empathy to build a therapeutic alliance

35
Q

what is meant by cultural assessment r/t cultural competency

A
  • ask questions to ascertain the pt’s cultural viewpoints to illness & care
36
Q

define heterosexism

A
  • view of heterosexuality being the only correct orientation
37
Q

what are the 3 forms of racism

A
  • institutionalized
  • personally-mediated
  • internalized
38
Q

what is institutionalized racism

A
  • how racism is embedded in instiutions of practice, law, and government inaction
39
Q

what is personally-mediated racism

A
  • prejudice & discrimination

- manifests as lack of respect, suspicion, devaluation, scapegoating, and de-humanization

40
Q

what is internalized racism

A
  • when those who are stigmatized accept the messages about their abilities and lack of worth
  • leading to resignation, helplessness, and lack of hope
41
Q

what are 5 ways racism harms health

A
  • economic deprivation
  • social deprivation
  • socially inflicted trauma (mental, physical, social)
  • inadequate or degrading medical care
  • degradation of ecosystem

NURS 2522 (9 decks)

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