Week 2 Flashcards
define culture
- a pattern of shared attitudes, beliefs, self-definitions, norms, roles, and values that can occur among those who speak a particular language or live in a defined geographical region
what are the 5 attributes that help delineate culture
- language
- artifacts
- values
- customs and norms
- symbols
what are customs & norms
- accepted traditions or practices within a cultural group
what are a cultures values
- what they consider right or wrong
- often a range of interpretation of these values
what are the 6 features of culture
- learned
- adaptive
- dynamic
- invisible
- shared
- selective
what is the learned feature of culture
- based on experiences & internalized events
what is the adaptive feature of culture
- based on adjustments to enviro & technology
what is the dynamic feature of culture
- always changing
- responds to new situation or demands
what is the shared feature of culture
- although individuality is maintained, groups share the same attributes of culture amongst each other
ex. beliefs, values, and behaviors are specific to culture
what is the selective feature of culture
- differentiates between outsides & insiders thru standards of societally accepted behaviors
why is understanding culture important
- Canada is very culturally diverse country based on multiculturism
- cultural safety is an expected competency & ethical obligation of nurses
what are 5 ways nurses can maintain cultural competency
- cultural desire
- self awareness
- knowledge
- skills
- conduct cultural assessment
what is cultural desire
- the desire to learn about other cultures
what is self-awareness r/t cultural competency
- thinking critically about assumptions, stereotypes, or biases you hold
what is knowledge r/t cultural competency
- exposing yourself to different cultures thru convo, literature, etc. to gain knowledge
what is skills r/t cultural competency
- adopting a culturally appropriate communication
what is meant by conducting a cultural asessment
- ask questions to ascertain the pts cultural views on illness and care
define ethnicity
- common ancestry which leads to shared values & beliefs
define race
- socially defined populations w common genetically transmitted characteristics such as skin color or bone structure
define gender
- the socially constructed roles, behaviours, expressions and identities of girls, women, boys, men, and gender diverse people
define immigrant
someone who has recloated by choice
define refugee
- person forced to leave their own country due to war, etc.
define enculturation
- the process by which a person learns the norms, values, and behaviors of a culture
define acculturation
- acquiring new attitudes, roles, customs, or behaviors in result of contact w another culture
= 2 cultures change as a result of this to resemble each other more closely
define assimilation
- giving up one’s cultural identity & being absorbed into a more dominant culture
- often imposed
define biculturalism
- having 2 distinct cultures & choosing which aspects of each you wish to adopt or retain
define human diversity
- the unique variations among & between individuals
what influences human diversity
- genetics
- cultural background
- personal experiences
- family
- personality
define stereotypes
- assumptions about a large group of people
- belief that certain attributes are characteristic of members of certain groups
- cognition
define prejudice
- negative attitude/feeling towards individuals belonging to a generalized group
- emotion
define bias
- the action of supporting or opposing someone, by allowing your prejudice & personal opinions to influence your judgement
define discrimination
- unfair treatment of members of a particular group based on their membership to that group
define discrimination
- unfair treatment of members of a particular group based on their membership to that group
what are determinants of health
- anything that influences our health and wellbeing
- including things we have no control over such as genetics, age, etc.
what are social determinants of health
- the interrelated social, political, and economic factors that create the conditions in which we work, live, learn, and play
- states that the primary factors that shape health are not medical treatments or lifestyle choices but rather the living & wokring conditions we experience
what are structural determinants of health
- includes all social & political mechanisms that generate startification & social class divisions in society & that define socioeconomic position within hierarchies of power, prestige, and access to resources
- The social structures and economic
systems that are responsible for most health inequities.
what are examples of structural determinants of health
- religious system
- health care system
- educational system
what is health inequality
- refers to measurable differences in health between individuals, groups, or communities
what is health equity
- means all people have a fair chance to reach their full health potential and are not disadvantaged by social, economic, and enviro conditions
what are the CRNM competencies for RNs (4)
- adapts practice in response to the spiritual beliefs & cultural practices of pts
- takes action to support culturally safe practice enviro
- selects, develops, and uses relevant teaching & learning theories, and strategies to address diverse clients and context (lifespan, family, cultural)
- engages in self reflection, cultural humility, and creates culturally safe enviro where clients perceive respect for their unique health care practices, preferences, and decisions
what is the difference between equality and equity
- equality = everyone gets the same
- equity = everyone is treated fairly
define diversity
- the unique variations among & between individuals
- informed by genetics, cultural background
intragroup diversity
…
intergroup diversity
…
what are vulnerable populations
- social groups with inadequate access to health care because they lack resources and are exposed to more risk factors
