Week 8: Personality and Anxiety Flashcards
The personality type that corresponds to each somatotype (and vice versa) according to Sheldon’s Constitutional Theory
Ectomorph- Cerebrotonia personality (i.e., tense, introvert, inhibited, socially restrained)
Endomorph- Viscerotonia personality (i.e., affectionate, sociable, relaxed, cheerful)
Mesomorph- Somatotonic personality (i.e., adventurous, risk-taking, aggressive, take charge)
The association between biology and personality (E.g., Sheldon’s Constitutional Theory):
Works for some but not for others, some body types think there personality is linked to their body type
Differentiate: Between Eysenck’s theory and the Big Five personality theory
Eysenck’s theory-
*Psychoticism-superego
Hormonal function (androgen, testosterone, low serotonin) leads to heightened aggressiveness, impersonal attitudes, and antisocial/inhibited behaviour
*Extraversion-introversion
Base level arousal in cortex dictates whether or not individuals avoid further stimulation (introverts) or seek out further stimulation (extraverts)
*Neuroticism-stability
Associated with limbic system and sympathetic nervous system
High neurotic individuals (enduring negative emotional states) have longer-lasting autonomic reactions than low neurotic individuals
The Big Five:
- Openness to experience = being curious and open-minded; imaginative and creative
- Conscientiousness = being determined, strong-willed, self-disciplined
- Agreeableness = compliance; positive approach toward others; trusting
- Neuroticism = feelings of tension, worry, and nervousness
The relevance of personality to Kinesiology by addressing research in the area:
Risk taking and sensation seeking
Associated with extraversion and conscientiousness
Competitiveness
Males usually higher than females
Important for elite athletes
Perfectionism
Adaptive (associated with conscientiousness) versus maladaptive
Mental toughness
Associated with success
Exercise behaviour
Associated with extraversion and conscientiousness
