Week 8: Emotion and Motivation Flashcards
What is emotion?
A complex reaction involving physiological arousal, expressive behaviors, and conscious experience.
What is motivation?
The process that initiates, guides, and sustains goal-oriented behavior.
What is the James-Lange theory of emotion?
The theory that emotions result from our awareness of physiological responses to stimuli.
What is the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion?
The theory that physiological arousal and emotional experience occur simultaneously.
What is the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion?
The theory that emotion is based on physiological arousal and cognitive labeling of that arousal.
Q: What is the role of the amygdala in emotion?
The amygdala is involved in processing emotions, especially fear and aggression.
What are basic emotions?
Emotions that are universally recognized, such as happiness, sadness, anger, fear, surprise, and disgust.
What is the facial feedback hypothesis?
The idea that facial expressions can influence emotional experience.
What is intrinsic motivation?
Motivation driven by internal rewards, such as personal satisfaction or enjoyment.
What is extrinsic motivation?
Motivation driven by external rewards, such as money, praise, or grades.
What is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
A theory suggesting people are motivated to fulfill basic needs before higher-order needs.
What is self-actualization?
The realization of one’s potential and the pursuit of personal growth, according to Maslow.
What is the Yerkes-Dodson law
The principle that performance is best at moderate levels of arousal, with low or high arousal impairing performance.
What is the difference between primary and secondary emotions?
Primary emotions are universal and immediate, while secondary emotions are complex and influenced by context.
What is the drive-reduction theory?
A: The theory that motivation arises from the desire to reduce internal drives (e.g., hunger, thirst) and restore homeostasis.
What is homeostasis?
A: The tendency to maintain a stable internal environment.
What is the role of dopamine in motivation?
Dopamine is involved in reward and pleasure, reinforcing behaviors.
What is the incentive theory of motivation?
The theory that behavior is motivated by external rewards or incentives.
What is achievement motivation?
The desire to excel and achieve goals, often involving a preference for challenges and persistence.
What is self-determination theory?
A theory of motivation focusing on the need for autonomy, competence, and relatedness.
What is the difference between approach and avoidance motivation?
Approach motivation is driven by the desire to attain positive outcomes, while avoidance motivation aims to prevent negative outcomes.
What is cognitive dissonance?
The mental discomfort that occurs when a person holds contradictory beliefs or behaviors, often motivating change.
What is emotion regulation?
A: The ability to influence one’s own emotional experience and expression.
What is the role of oxytocin in emotion?
Oxytocin is a hormone linked to bonding, trust, and social connection.
What is learned helplessness?
A condition where repeated exposure to uncontrollable situations leads to a lack of motivation and feeling of helplessness.
