Week 5: Memory Flashcards
What is memory?
The process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information.
What are the three main stages of memory?
Encoding, storage, and retrieval.
What is encoding?
The process of converting information into a form that can be stored in memory.
What is storage in the context of memory?
The retention of encoded information over time.
What is retrieval?
The process of accessing stored information.
What is sensory memory?
The brief storage of sensory information, lasting only a few seconds.
What is short-term memory (STM)?
The memory system that temporarily holds a limited amount of information, typically for 15-30 seconds.
What is long-term memory (LTM)?
The memory system responsible for the storage of information over extended periods.
What is the capacity of short-term memory?
Typically 5-9 items.
What is chunking?
Grouping pieces of information together to improve memory capacity in short-term memory.
What is working memory?
A type of short-term memory involved in actively processing and manipulating information.
Q: What is the difference between explicit and implicit memory?
Explicit memory requires conscious recall, while implicit memory does not.
What is episodic memory?
A type of explicit memory involving personal experiences and specific events.
What is semantic memory?
A type of explicit memory that involves general knowledge and facts.
What is procedural memory?
A type of implicit memory that involves motor skills and actions.
What is the serial position effect?
The tendency to recall the first and last items in a list better than the middle items.
What is the role of the hippocampus in memory?
The hippocampus is crucial for forming new long-term memories.
What is the primacy effect?
The tendency to remember items at the beginning of a list.
What is the recency effect?
The tendency to remember items at the end of a list.
What is retrieval cue?
A stimulus that helps access information in memory.
What is context-dependent memory?
The improved recall of information when the context present during encoding is also present during retrieval.
What is state-dependent memory?
The tendency to recall information better when in the same mental or physical state as during encoding.
What is forgetting?
The inability to retrieve information that was previously stored in memory.
What is the decay theory of forgetting?
The idea that memory fades over time if it is not used.
What is interference in memory?
When information in memory disrupts the recall of other information.
