Week 4: Learning and Conditioning Flashcards
What is learning?
A relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience.
What is classical conditioning?
A learning process in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus and acquires the capacity to elicit a similar response.
Who is most associated with classical conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov.
What is an unconditioned stimulus (UCS)?
A stimulus that naturally triggers a response without any prior learning.
What is an unconditioned response (UCR)?
A natural, unlearned reaction to an unconditioned stimulus.
What is a conditioned stimulus (CS)?
A previously neutral stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus, triggers a conditioned response.
What is a conditioned response (CR)?
A learned response to a previously neutral stimulus that has become conditioned.
What is operant conditioning?
A type of learning in which behavior is influenced by the consequences that follow it.
Who is most associated with operant conditioning?
B.F. Skinner
What is reinforcement?
Any event that strengthens or increases the likelihood of a behavior.
What is positive reinforcement?
A: Adding a rewarding stimulus to increase a behavior.
What is negative reinforcement?
Removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase a behavior.
What is punishment?
Any event that decreases the likelihood of a behavior occurring again.
What is positive punishment?
Adding an aversive stimulus to decrease a behavior.
What is negative punishment?
Removing a pleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior.
