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HSC2008 Pathology & Pharmacology > Week 8 > Flashcards

Week 8 Flashcards

1
Q

5 antibody classes

A

Ig M, A, D, E, G

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2
Q

secondary immune response is characterized by __

A

rapid increase in IgG and remains elevated after second exposure

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3
Q

major cell type in synovial fluid

A

neutrophils

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4
Q

major cell type in pannus

A

T lymphocyte & macrophages

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5
Q

minor cell type in pannus

A

fibroblast, plasma cells, endothelium, dendritic cells

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6
Q

primary site of rheumatoid arthritis is __

A

synovium

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7
Q

primary site of spondyloarthropathies is __

A

enthesis

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8
Q

spondyloarthropathies process

A

mechanical injury > vasodilation > entheseal inflammation > new bone formation

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9
Q

gout involves the deposition of __

A

mono sodium urate crystals

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10
Q

MSU crystals activate __ pathway

A

inflammasome

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11
Q

osteoarthritis is caused by __

A

aging, obesity, lifestyle choices

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12
Q

what is the lead up to osteoarthritis

A

chondrosenescence

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13
Q

articular pain symptoms

A
  • over joint line
  • global decrease in ROM
  • pain at rest
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14
Q

periarticular symptoms

A
  • away from joint line
  • decreased ROM in 1 plane
  • pain upon initiating movement
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15
Q

how to differentiate mechanical from inflammatory pain

A

mechanical has no morning stiffness & night pain; only gets worse with activity

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16
Q

early stiffness in inflammatory arthritis is caused by __

A

IL-6

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17
Q

monoarticular

A

1

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18
Q

oligoarticular

A

2 - 4

19
Q

polyarticular

A

> 4

20
Q

ankylosing spondylitis affects __

A

spine, SI joint, hip, shoulder

21
Q

rheumatoid arthritis affects __

A

proximal joint of digits, symmetric, TMJ & C-spine involved

22
Q

reiter’s syndrome affects __

A

lower extremity, lumbosacral spine, SI joints, asymmetric

23
Q

psoriatic arthritis affects __

A

distal hands & feet, lumbosacral spine, SI joint, asymmetric

24
Q

osteoarthritis affects ___

A

neck, lumbosacral spine, hip, knee, 1st MTP of foot, DIP, PIP, 1st CMC of hand

25
Q

what is rheumatoid arthritis

A

autoimmune disease where joints attacked leading to chronic swelling & bone destruction

26
Q

psoriatic arthritis clinical features

A
  • dactylitis
  • pencil in cup deformity
  • Achilles tendinitis
  • hairline psoriasis
  • DIPJ synovitis, onycholysis
27
Q

Arthritis mutilans in psoriatic arthritis are ___

A

telescoped digits

28
Q

ankylosing spondylitis clinical features

A

question mark posture, hyperextended neck, kyphotic, loss of lumbar lordosis, bamboo spine (used SI joints)

29
Q

stages of gout

A

asymptomatic hyperuricaemia > acute intermittent gout > chronic tophaceous gout

30
Q

x-ray images indicating gout

A

rat bite at edges, hydroxyapatite crystals leading to milwaukee shoulder & calcific tendinitis

31
Q

between RA, PsA, Gout, OA, which are inflammatory / mechanical arthritis

A

inflammatory = RA, PsA, Gout

mechanical = OA

32
Q

most patients with OA will have __ knees

A

genu varus / bow legged

33
Q

patients with secondary OA will have __ knees

A

valgus

34
Q

arachidonic acid oxidation leads to __

A

eicosanoids

35
Q

eicosanoids are synthesized as needed when ___

A

activated by trauma or cytokines which activate phospholipase A2

36
Q

prostanoids include

A

prostaglandins, prostacyclin, thromboxane

37
Q

thromboxane A2 is used for __

A

platelet aggregation

38
Q

prostacyclin is used for __

A

vasodilation & inhibit platelet aggregation

39
Q

prostaglandins used for __

A

gastroprotection

inflammation, pain, fever

40
Q

PGG2 converted to PGH2 by __

A

peroxidase

41
Q

DMARDs

A

disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs for RA

42
Q

types of DMARDs

A

conventional synthetic, biological, targeted synthetic

43
Q

tofacitinib

A

janus kinase inhibitor for RA

HSC2008 Pathology & Pharmacology (14 decks)

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