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ENCN371 > Week 7: Scheduling & Linear Scheduling Method > Flashcards

Week 7: Scheduling & Linear Scheduling Method Flashcards

1
Q

What is ES?

A

Early start is the earliest date an activity can start, assuming all the preceding activities are completed as planned.

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2
Q

What is EF?

A

Early finish is the earliest date an activity can finish, assuming all the preceding activities are completed as planned.

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3
Q

What is LS?

A

Late start is the latest date an activity can start to meet the planned completion date.

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4
Q

What is LF?

A

Late finish is the latest date an activity can finish to meet the planned completion date.

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5
Q

What is TF?

A

The amount of time an activity can be delayed without affecting the completion of the project.
TS = LS - ES = LF - EF
Activities with zero float are defined as critical tasks, on the critical path.

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6
Q

What are the steps to completing an AoN or Precedence diagram analysis?

A
  1. Draw the network diagram.
  2. Add activity durations, calendars, project start date.
  3. Forward pass to determine activity ES and EF dates.
  4. Backward pass to determine activity LS and LF dates.
  5. Calculate activity float and identify critical paths.
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7
Q

What is FF?

A

Maximum amount of time an activity can be delayed from its ES without delayed ES of any immediate successors.

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8
Q

A delay to the critical path will result in …

A

A delay to the project.

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9
Q

Broadly, what are the three categories of projects?

A

Building (hotels, performance halls, shopping centres, …)
Industrial (chemical plants, food processing plants, …)
Infrastructure (transmission lines, highways, dams, …)

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10
Q

What is the project orientation for each project type?

A

Building: Vertical
Industrial: Vertical
Infrastructure: Horizontal

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11
Q

What is a linear project?

A

A project where the majority of activities are “linear activities”.
Linear activities are completed as they progress along a path (think of a train) OR an activity that progresses along a physical path.

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12
Q

Critical path method may not be the best scheduling method for …

A

Linear projects.

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13
Q

In LSM, a shallower gradient means …

A

Higher productivity.
Y: Time
X: Location
production rate = (x2-x1)/(y2/y1)

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14
Q

What is a continuous activity?

A

A linear activity expected to be in continuous operation from begininning to completion.

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15
Q

What is an intermittent activity?

A

Linear activity, NOT expected to be in continunous operation. Starts and stops to pace a preceding continuous activity. e.g. road markings, temporary traffic management

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16
Q

What is a full-span activity?

A

Activity that covers the entire course or span of project/planning area. e.g. road paving machine

17
Q

What is a partial-span activity?

A

Activity that covers only a portion of project/planning area. e.g. special-drainage works in a section of the road

18
Q

What type of activity is road grade preparation?

A

Intermittent.
It follows a preceding concrete removal activity (on a highway reconstruction project).
Concrete removal is a lower production rate activity (slower).
Grade preparation will have to start and stop so it doesn’t catch up or get to far behind.

19
Q

What is a block activity?

A

An activity that occupies an area on the project for a period of time.
- For example, an earthwork operation. Work moves back and forth along the area as opposed to along a path.
- other activities can’t be performed in this area until it is finished

20
Q

What is a bar activity?

A

An activity/activities that occur at a particular location. Represented by a vertical bar on linear schedule.
Area occupied by activity is relatively small, but large in time.
- For example, bridges, culverts, storm sewer intakes.

21
Q

What is the LTI?

A

The least time interval identifies points where the time buffer between activities is at a minimum.
LTI defines the minimum time-distance between two activities at a certain location.
- LTI often set by project managers to create a buffer between activities.
- Always at the vertices of at least one of the activities.

22
Q

What is the LDI?

A

The least distance interval is the shortest distance between any two adjacent activities that lies within the coincident duration and intersects the least time interval.

23
Q

What is the controlling activity path?

A

Continuous path of longest duration. Defines sequence of activities that must be completed as planned to finish project within overall planned duration.

24
Q

What is a controlling/critical activity segment?

hint: delayed

A

If critical activity segment is delayed, the project will be delayed.

25
Q

What is the procedure to determine the controlling activity path (CAP)?

A
  1. Upward pass (potential critical path and activity segments)
    - identify original activity, origin, target activity
    - identify LTI and LDI
    - identify potential controlling segment of origin activity
    - identify potential critical link between origin and target activity
    - move forward in time to reach the end point of target activity
  2. Downward pass (Verify critical path and activity segments)
    - a path is traced from the end of the last activity back in time
    - follow B back in time / downward on linear schedule until potential controlling link with A is reached
    - move horizontally to A along critical link
    - repeat process performed at A to find controlling segment on A
26
Q

Define converging.

A

Moving towards each other and meet at a point. Production of A lower than its successor.

27
Q

Define diverging.

A

Separating and going in different directions.

28
Q

What are the requirements of a critical path?

A
  • activities must have 0 float and dependent on the performance of predecessors
  • longest path through the project
29
Q

What are 2 violations of the LSM?

A
  1. 2 activities cannot occupy the same location at the same time
  2. B cannot finish before A (violates logic)
30
Q

How to fix B finishes before A?

A
  1. speed up rate of A
  2. slow rate of B
  3. make B start later
  4. make B work in intervals

ENCN371 (13 decks)

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