Week 10: Infrastructure Asset Management Flashcards
What is a short-term mindset?
- Natural tendency
- Instant delivery environment
- Political preference
- Self-interest prevalent
Make decisions based on interests (finite game)
What is long-term thinking?
- Requires discipline
- Considers next generation
- Requires participation internally and externally
- Leaders and engineers initiate by example
Requires decision making through values and morals (infinite game)
What is an asset?
An item or property owned by a person or company, regarded as having value and available to meet debts, commitments, or legacies.
What is asset management?
Systematic process of deploying, operating, maintaining, upgrading, and disposing of assets cost-effectively.
What is the objective of Sustainable Management of Infrastructure (SMI)?
To provide the desired level of service in the most cost effective manner for present and future customers.
focused on long-term effects of short term solutions
What are the benefits of asset management?
Performance and cost effectiveness
Communication, accountability and credibility
What are the benefits of SMI?
- Improved understanding of service level options, cost, risks
- Improve decision making based on benefits and cost of alternatives
- Communicate and justify funding requirements to internal and external parties
- Demonstrate responsible stewardship of assets
What is Triple Bottom Line (TBL) accounting?
social, economic, environmental
TBL accounting expands traditional reporting framework to take into account social and environmental performance in addition to financial performance.
bottom line = profit/loss
Is asset management a legal requirement?
Yes.
Local Government Act 2002
What are Levels of Service (LOS)?
- Describes what organisation is tending to deliver
- Commonly associated with traffic
- Commonly related to service attributes: quality, reliability, responsiveness, sustainability accessibility, cost.
We measure LOS with SMARTER. What does each letter stand for?
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Relevant
Time-bound
Evaluation
Reassess
What is asset condition assessment?
Evaluating physical state and operational performance of various assets, such as roads, bridges, buildings, utilities.
- Visual inspection
- Remote sensing
- Pavement condition assessment
- etc.
What is deterioration modelling?
Modelling and prediction of the physical state of environment, structures, infrastructure or tangible assets.
related to maintenance and rehabilitation
What are the different types of deterioration models?
Deterministic models
Probabilistic models
Markov models
Machine Learning
What are the principles of Asset Management?
(What should all AM have in common?)
Policy driven
Performance based
Options evaluated
Decisions based on quality information
Clear accountability
What is a business case?
what is the purpose?
Provides justification for undertaking a project.
Evaluates benefits, costs and risks of alternative options. Presents preferred solution.
Goal: Obtains management commitment and approval for investment or funding.
What are the different types of business cases?
Indicative (early market engagement)
Detailed (agreement to approach market)
Implementation (detailed management arrangements)
What are the limitations of a strategic plan?
(Long term asset management)
- A lot of guess work
- Models are only as good as data
- Data does not account for Black Swans
- Context can change rapidly
- Fashions come and go
- Procurement is going private
- Legislation
- Local/National Government changes every 3 years
What are some consumer LOS used for pavements?
- Safe surface to travel on
- Smooth surface to travel on
- Surface for a comfortable driving experience
- User experience
What are some technical LOS used for pavements?
- Structure that protects the subgrade from excessive stress
- Structure that protects the subgrade from moisture
- Structure that provides skid resistance
- Structure protects local services
- etc.
What is NZ’s largest infrastructure asset?
Pavement
What are technical Performance Measures that could be formed for a state highway road in NZ?
Quality
Quantity
Availability
Legislative requirements
Maintainability
etc.
What functional (consumers) PMs could be formed for a state highway road in NZ?
Customer service
Facilities
Responsiveness
Willingness to help
Assurance
Caring
Empathy
Trust and confidence
etc.
What are the 4 Social Key Performance Measures or Social Key Performance Indicators (S-KPIs)?
Road safety
Environment
Socio-economy
Availability and disturbance
How do we compare two roads? There are 3 approaches.
- Brute force with weighted expert opinion.
- Linear comparison
- Using pavement detorioration modelling for scoring
What is the aim of maintenance?
Lower the lifecycle cost and use the money generated to extend the reach within the program.
What are the different types of actions you can take in a Pavement Maintenance Plan?
- Maintenance: planned
- strategic: early in pavement life
- emergent: reduce need to perform reactive repair - Reactive: unplanned, immediate needs. Restore to serviceable condition.
What are the different types of chip seal?
Single chip
Double chip
Racked in seal
Cape seal
Inverted seal
Sandwich seal
Geotextile reinforced soil
What are independent systems?
Do not share any processes or data
What are interfaced systems?
Simply connected systems/subsystems that can exchange information through a common boundary. Share data but no processes.
What are interoperable systems?
Provide and accept services from other systems and use services exchanged to enable them to operate effectively together. Limited sharing of processes and data.
What are integrated systems?
Tightly coupled interconnection of different, highly specialised devices, systems/subsystems, into a broader system providing complex functions. Close interactions between components.
The systems share many processes and data.
What is a Phase 1: Conceptual Data model in asset management?
- High level definition of main model entities and the relationships between them.
- a.k.a. “High-level data model”
What is a Phase 2: Logical Data model in asset management?
- More detailed design. Intermediary between conceptual and physical design.
- Include specific information that allows coding within a database
What is a Phase 3: Physical Data model in asset management?
- Includes specifics that facilitate coding within a specific DataBase Management System (DBMS). Includes internal storage structures, access paths, file organisations, …
How do we quantify load on our roads to use in models?
Equivalent Standard Axle (ESAL)
No. of standard axles for same damage =
[Load_on_axle_group/Appropriate_load]^EXP
Appropriate load from tables
EXP depends on type of pavement usually 4
What is the role of infrastructure?
Economic productivity. Pressured by:
- communication
- education
- dependence
- health etc
What are the key components of AM plan?
- Asset management policy
- Define LOS and performance
- Forecast demand
- Understand asset base
- Asess condition
- Identify asset and business risk
What is an output?
Tangible product. Feature. e.g. new hospital building
What is an outcome?
Desired operational unit. e.g. additional hospital now operational
What is a benefit?
Measurable gain to stakeholder. e.g. reduce elective surgery waiting list by X%
Discuss the importance of the 5 key principles of Asset Management with respect to risk.
- Policy driven: decisions reflect policy goals & objectives that define desired system condition and service levels
- Performance based: clear measures of performance and target service levels are established
- Options evaluated: comprehensive choices & tradeoffs are examined at each level of DM
- Decision based on quality information: management systems and tools are used
- Clear accountability: performance results are montored and repeated.
DM = decision making
What are some main areas of concern for AM?
- limited knowledge and information available on conditions of assets
- financial provisions are insufficient to meet long-term expenditure
- need long-term perspectives
Why is chip seal used commonly in NZ?
- cheaper than asphalt but not as long-lasting
- don’t have the traffic volume to justify using more expensive techniques
What is the Zachman Framework?
A thinking tool to understand complex IT problems.
