Week 5: BIM Flashcards
What is the traditional building process?
client –> architect –> engineer –> contractor –> consultant –> fabrication –> operation
What are the limitations of traditional building process?
- lack of communication/ miscommunication
- inefficient analyses and assessment (too late to make important changes)
- error-prone and paper-based modes of communication
- insufficient details of design drawings for construction
- costly and inefficient information management
What is BIM
Building Information Modelling is a digital representation of physical and functional characteristic of a facility. It is a process for creating and managing information on a construction project across the project lifecycle. It allows for integrative building process.
What is the 3D BIM dimension?
- design, layout conditions
- model not geometry- safety and logistic models
- animation, renderings, walkthrough
What is the 4D BIM dimension?
- SCHEDULING
- dates and times and compare
- project phasing simulations
- 3D MODEL + SCHEDULE
What is the 5D BIM dimension?
- COST ESTIMATING
- cost
- real-time conceptual modelling and cost planning
- quantify extraction, detailed cost estimates
- 3D MODEL + SCHEDULE + COST
What is the 6D BIM dimension?
- SUSTAINABILITY
- energy aspect
- conceptual and detailed energy analysis
- LEED tracking
What is 7D BIM dimension?
- FACILITY MANAGEMENT APPLICATION
- asset management, operation type
- life cycle BIM strategies
- BIM As-Built
What are the limitations of scheduling with MS Project?
- too many stakeholders/trades on site
- numerous work areas
- engineers, subcontractors, workers, intervening on site
- inefficient to deal with site dynamics (real time)
- difficult to understand the schedule and its impact on site logistics
- discoordination leads to chaos and disorder
What are some challenges and needs of BIM for road construction?
- long duration, too many stakeholders
- high cost
- project management = 75% of time and cost
What is CPM?
Construction Progress Monitoring is the cyclical and repetitive procedure consisting of data collection, data analysis and project performance reporting for assessment of actual progress and comparison with planned progess.
What are the methods of current practices in CPM?
- GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System)
- Drone
- LiDAR Scanner (Light Detection and Ranging)
- total station
What are the issues with current practices of CPM?
- data processing and analysis are 30 - 50% of project manager’s time spent - laborious
- non-standardisation
- errors for visual inspection
- subjective
- poor quality of data
What does Automated Progress Monitoring involve?
- automated data acquisition technology
- automated progress measurement
- communication and collaboration
What is UAV?
Uses photogrammetry which is a 3D reconstruction process.
3D reconstruction process = capturing shape & appearance of real objects
What is the benefit for end users for As-built progress measurement with UAV?
hint: real time
Real-time:
- collection of progress data
- progress tracking
- automated schedule updating
- visualisation of road progress
What are some examples of CPM (Construction Progress Monitoring)?
- bar code
- QR code
- Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
- GPS
What are some advantages of RFID?
- good for logistics
- can make it portable/ put it somewhere
- with increasing distance, QR and bar code can’t generate results
- good for material management
What does scan to BIM involve?
- identification of requirements
- scan planning
- paint cloud scanning
- deciphering paint cloud data
- BIM modelling
- quality control
Why do contractors use 3D laser scanner?
hint: as-built
- decrease time: accurate 3D digital representation of buildings
- verify as-built models
- monitor progress
- create as-built models
- collect as-is condition
What are the advantages of CPM?
- removes large degree of human error
- data collected over shorter period of time
- information shared faster
- teams only need to visit once to collect data
- can be used for various analysis process
What does BIM ‘maturing’ mean?
- Level 0: 2D CAD drawings
- Level 1: 3D CAD models
- Level 2: collaborate workflows with parametric design information created into separate files
- Level 3: when all design information is created and stored in a single collaborate project model
What are the benefits of BIM?
- coordination
- communication
- data management
- simulation and analysis
What are the drawbacks of BIM?
- there are logistical barriers to adapt
- collaboration limited by practice
- changing defaults can take time
- large files
How is BIM applied globally?
Proliferation
- not adapted to same extent
- adapted sooner and more widely where its mandated by government agencies
Mandating
- being mandated in many regions
What is the ‘path of travel’ tool in BIM?
- calculates travel distance
- simple distances
- around furniture
- recalculated as design changes
- good when making changes in construction
What is the occupant load calculator?
- demonstrates calculated values
- setting load parameters
- set load
- can put costs of things
- know mass and properties so can easily calculate cost
What can you do with BIM?
- API
- Multi-variable optimisations
- BIM and Egress modelling
- Performance modelling
