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Z-Anatomy 3 > Week 7- Pregnancy > Flashcards

Week 7- Pregnancy Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

what is the gestation period amojunt

A

266 days

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2
Q

human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG] secreted by the ________________

A

syncytiotrophoblasts

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3
Q

what is the process from going to bilayer (2) to trilayer>

A

gastruation

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4
Q

the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm come from what cells?

A

epiblast

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5
Q

fertilization until infant is born

A

pregnancy=

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6
Q

-conceptus

A

= developing offspring

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7
Q

gestation period

A

gestation period= last menstural cycle to birth

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8
Q

-embryo=

A

weeks 3-8

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9
Q

-fetus=

A

9 weeks until birth

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10
Q

10 First Names

A

10 Names:

  1. Zygote
  2. Blastomere (2 cells)
    • two daughter cells produced after first cleavage
  3. Morula (16 cells)
  4. Blastocyst (100 cells)
  5. Inner Cell Mass (ICM)
  6. Bilaminar disc
    • going from bilaminar disc to trilaminar disc= gastruation
  7. Trilaminar disc
  8. Meat tube
  9. Embryo (3-8 weeks)
  10. Fetus (9 weeks-birth)
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11
Q

two daughter cells produced after first cleavage

A

Blastomere

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12
Q

Blastomere is how many cells

A

2

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13
Q

Morula is how many cells?

A

16

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14
Q

going from bilaminar disc to trilaminar disc= _____________

A

gastruation

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15
Q

oocyte viable for ___ hours

A

12-24

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16
Q

sperm viable _____ hours

A

24-72

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17
Q
  • when a sperm fuses with an egg to form a zygote
A

fertilization=

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18
Q

Sperm underdoes_______ before the getting into oocyte

A

capacitation

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19
Q

final step of sperm maturing so they can fertilize the egg

A

Capacitation

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20
Q

how does capacitation of sperm happen

A

-manifested by altered mitochondrial organization in the tail, increased motility, acrosome reaction

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21
Q

event making spermatozoa able of penetrating the zona and capable of fusing with the egg plasma membrane

A

Acrosomal reaction

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22
Q

during the acrosomal reaction -sperm binds to _____________

A

zona pellucide

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23
Q

acrosomes release their enzymes to digest the __________

A

zona pellucid

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24
Q

once sperm penetrates the ooycye

A
  • beta proteins binds to receptors on oocyte membrane

- alpha protein inserts into membrane

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25
____proteins binds to receptors on oocyte membrane
beat
26
____ protein inserts into membrane
alpha
27
how does the oocyte prevent polyspermy
1. fast block= membrane depolarization stops sperm from fusing to oocyte 2. Slow block (zonal inhibiting proteins ZIPs)= destroy sperm receptors and cause sperms already bound to detach
28
what is a swollen nucleus called
pro nuclei
29
when pronuclei come together
-fertlization=
30
fluid filled hollow sphere
-blastocyst=
31
what are the 2 parts of a blastocyst
1. Singler layer of trophoblasts (trophoblast turn into placatena) 2. Inner cell mass (ICM becomes embryonic disk)
32
Implantation happens _ days after ovulation
7
33
-by____month placenta is giving estrogen and progesterone and nutrients and removing waste
3rd
34
placenta is formed from:
1. Embryonic trophoblastic tissue | 2. Maternal endometrial tissue
35
part of the endometrium that lies between the chorionic villi and the stratum basalis
decidua basalis –
36
Ensures energy supply to fetus by modifying metabolism
Human placenta lactose
37
Placenta derived hormone; equivalent to thyroid hormone increases metabolism
Human chorionic thyrotropin
38
Peptide hormone produced during 1st trimester
relaxin
39
what are the hazards during preganncy
``` T- toxoplasmosis (cats) O- other infections (Coxsackievirus, Syphilis, Varicella-Zoster Virus, HIV, and Parvovirus B19) R- Rubella (MMR vaccine) C- cytomegalovirus H- herpers 2 ```
40
___________ ——-> upper epiblast and lower hypoblast (aka bilaminar disk)
Inner cell mass
41
what are the 4 embryonic membranes
1. Amnion 2. Yolk sac 3. Allantois 4. Chorion
42
what embryonic membrane: Epiblast cells Filled with amniotic fluid that protects the embryo Maintains temperature Fluid comes from maternal blood and fetal urine
Amnion
43
``` Which embryonic membrane: Hypoblast cells Ventral surface of embryo Forms digestive tube Produce blood cells and vessel Primordial germ cells ```
yolk sac
44
what embryonic membrane Base of umbilical cord Becomes bladder
Allantois
45
which embryonic membrane Forms placenta Body stalk Surrounds amniotic fluid
Chorion
46
primary germ layers =
1. ectoderm 2. mesoderm 3. endoderm
47
_________ becomes nervous system and skin
ectoderm
48
________ becomes organs; epithelial linings of digestive, respiratory, and urogenital
-endoderm
49
__________ becomes everything else
-mesoderm
50
-Organogenesis happens by the ____ week
8th
51
the first event of organogenesis gives rise to the brain and spinal cord
neurulation=
52
3 parts of mesoderm
1. Somties 2. Intermediate mesoderm 3. double sheet of Lateral plate mesoderm
53
which subpart of the mesoderm Produce the vertabrae and robes Form dermis Form skeletal muscles
somite
54
which subpart of the mesoderm Forms glands and kidneys
intermediate mesoderm
55
which subpart of the mesoderm Forms dermis of skin | Bones, ligaments
somatic mesoderm
56
which subpart of the mesoderm Heart and blood vessels Most connective tissue of body
Sphlanchinc mesoderm
57
vagina develops purple hue
Chadwich’s sign
58
______ causes pelvic ligaments and pubic symphysis to relax
relaxin
59
does blood volume increase or decrease in pregnancy?
-blood volume increase 25-40%
60
does cardiac output/basal HR increase or decrease in pregnancy?
-cardiac output and basal heart rate increases
61
plasma volume increases with pregnancy?
yes
62
does erythrocytes increase or decrease in pregnancy?
-erythrocytes increase
63
-plasma protein concentrations dramiactilly increase/decrease during pregnancy
DECRESES DRAMTICALLY
64
in pregnancy is there an increase or decrease in tidal volume
increase
65
Preclampsia
- pregnancy induced hypertension+ proteinuria - can progress to eclampsia - develop seizures - can lead to coma
66
false contraction (2nd and 3rd trimester
-brackton hick=
67
-cervix fully dilated= ___cm
10
68
_____________= shortening and thinning of the cervix before/during labor
-cervical effacement
69
what does the -APGAR score look at
- 8-10 = healthy baby | - skin color, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration
70
__________ tells respiratory center for baby to take first breath (inspiration)
central acidosis
71
-gravida
= number of times a woman has been pregnant
72
-parity
= number of times woman has given birth
73
__________ releases prolactin
-Anterior pituitary
74
-colostrum
- vitamin A, protein, mineral, and IgA antibodies | - released first 2-3 days
75
baby’s first stool (sterile)
-meconium=

Z-Anatomy 3 (10 decks)

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