Week 7 - L2 Flashcards
afternoon
der Nachmittag, -e
night
die Nacht, -ä-e
second
die Sekunde, -n
hour
die Stunde, -n
day
der Tag, -e
lecture
die Vorlesung, -en
morning
der Vormittag, -e
evening
der Abend, -e
report
der Bericht, -e
office
das Büro, -s
concert
das Konzert, -e
client, customer
der Kunde, -n
minute
die Minute, -n
midday
der Mittag, -e
midnight
die Mitternacht
Morning
der Morgen, -
to pick up
abholen (holt … ab)
to begin
anfangen (fängt … an)
to arrive
ankommen (kommt … an)
to call (on the phone)
anrufen (ruft … an)
to stop
aufhören (hört … auf)
to tidy up
aufräumen (räumt … auf)
to get up
aufstehen (steht … auf)
to wake up
aufwachen (wacht … auf)
to go out
ausgehen (geht … aus)
to shop
einkaufen (kauft … ein)
to go shopping
einkaufen gehen (geht … einkaufen)
to invite
einladen (lädt … ein)
to fall asleep
einschlafen (schläft … ein)
to watch TV
fernsehen (sieht … fern)
to have breakfast
frühstücken
to come along
mitkommen (kommt … mit)
to go for a walk
spazieren gehen (geht … spazieren)
to go dancing
tanzen gehen (geht … tanzen)
to come by
vorbeikommen (kommt … vorbei)
to intend, plan
vorhaben (hat … vor)
to listen
zuhören (hört … zu)
to come back
zurückkommen (kommt … zurück)
in the evening
abends
early
früh
yesterday
gestern
usually
gewöhnlich
today
heute
at midday or at lunchtime
mittags
tomorrow
morgen
in the morning
morgens
after
nach
in the evening
nachmittags
at night
nachts
late
spät
the day after tomorrow
übermorgen
before
vor
the day before yesterday
vorgestern
in the morning
vormittags
at home
zu Hause
For separable- prefix verbs and compound verbs, the third person singular (er/sie/es) conjugation is given in brackets.
For separable- prefix verbs and compound verbs, the third person singular (er/sie/es) conjugation is given in brackets.
in German, general time precedes specific time
General time first, then specific time
For example: heute Morgen (general) um halb neun (specific) …
am Morgen, am Abend vs morgen, abends
adverbs “morgens”, “abends” etc. are written without a capital,
whereas the formulations “am Morgen”, “am Abend” etc. use the noun so they are written with a capital.
Adverbs can be used to refer to times of the day
(morgens (in the morning), nachmittags, (in the afternoon), abends, (in the evening) and nachts (at night) )
adverbs “morgens”, “abends” etc. are written without a capital, whereas the formulations “am Morgen”, “am Abend” etc. use the noun so they are written with a capital.
am = in Time
am Morgen / Vormittag = in the morning
am Nachmittag = in the afternoon am Abend = in the evening
um Mitternacht = at midnight
morgen vs der Morgen
The word “der Morgen” (noun – capital) means “morning”, whereas “morgen”
The words “heute” and “morgen” can also be added to most other times of the day. For example:
heute Nachmittag = this afternoon
heute Abend = this evening
heute Mittag = today at midday
heute Nacht = tonight
morgen Mittag = tomorrow at midday
morgen Nacht = tomorrow night
morgen abend = tomorrow evening
morgen Nachmittag = tomorrow afternoon.
When nicht is used to negate a whole statement that includes a sentence bracket construction, it must be placed inside the sentence bracket…
– directly before the separable prefix or infinitive.
Andrea kommt heute Abend vorbei.
Andrea kommt heute Abend nicht vorbei.
Ich gehe morgen einkaufen.
Ich gehe morgen nicht einkaufen.
Another verbal construction that follows this form is the compound verb. Compound verbs consist of two verbs:
- The SECOND verb operates as the conjugated verb
- the FIRST verb acts similarly to a prefix and goes (in its infinitive form) at the end of the statement or question.
The infinitives of these verbs consist of a base verb (e.g. “gehen”, “schlafen”, “hören”) and a prefix (e.g. “aus-”, “ein-”, “zu-”), which modifies or completely changes the meaning of the base verb. This means they must be learned as individual verbs.
When you use these verbs in a statement or question, the base verb conjugates in exactly the same way as usual, but the prefix separates from the base verb and goes all the way to the end of the statement or question.
Compare the third person singular conjugations:
er geht (he goes)
er geht … aus (he goes out)
sie kommt (she comes) sie kommt … mit (she comes along)
PLEASE NOTE: Strong verbs that have a stem vowel change in the second and third person singular (like “schlafen” or “sehen”) continue to be strong when part of separable-prefix verbs:
sie schläft (she sleeps)
sie schläft … ein (she falls asleep)
er sieht (he sees, watches)
er sieht … fern (he watches TV)
ALSO NOTE: Separable-prefix verbs are always stressed on the prefix
(ankommen, zuhören).
THE SENTENCE BRACKET (die Satzklammer)
The separable-prefix verbs follow a sentence structure that is very common in German (which you will see again in other contexts), known as the “sentence bracket” or “der Satzklammer”.
- The conjugated verb is (as always!) the second element in statements and w-word questions.
- The prefix, however, goes all the way to the end of the statement or question!
Peter steht immer sehr spät auf. (Peter always gets up very late.)
Wann kommen deine Eltern an? (When are your parents arriving?)
