Week 7 - Hypertensive Meds

Question 1

-pril refers to what type of drug

Answer 1

ACEi

Question 2

MOA of -pril

Answer 2

block conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2 which increases bradykinin and vasoconstriction. It also decreases aldosterone and sodium and water retention - all prevents increase BP

Question 3

common AE of -pril

Answer 3

dry cough (most common), hypotension/dizziness, hyperkalemia (decrease potassium)

Question 4

rare AE of -pril

Answer 4

angioedema (swelling of lips, mouth, throat) and acute renal failure

Question 5

-sartan refers to what type of drug

Answer 5

ARB

Question 6

-sartan MOA

Answer 6

blocks binding of angiotension 2 resulting in decrease vasoconstriction which prevents increase BP

Question 7

Why is dry cough and angioedema less likely with ARBs?

Answer 7

does not affect bradykinin

Question 8

what are sympathomimetic?

Answer 8

adrenergic agonists - turn on SNS

Question 9

what are sympatholytic?

Answer 9

adrenergic antagonists - turn off SNS

Question 10

what does positive chronotropic effect?

Answer 10

increase HR

Question 11

what does positive inotropic effect?

Answer 11

increase SV

Question 12

Lasix generic name

Answer 12

furosemide

Question 13

what type of diuretic is lasix?

Answer 13

loop diuretic

Question 14

AE of loop diuretic

Answer 14

dehydration, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hyponatremia

Question 15

What type of diuretic reduces Ca2+ loss?

Answer 15

thiazide diuretic

Question 16

HCTZ

Answer 16

hydrocholorothiazide

Question 17

what is spironolactone?

Answer 17

potassium sparing diuretic

Question 18

What are therapeutic concerns w/ diuretics?

Answer 18

hyperkalemia and hypokalemia (high and low K levels) - both can cause arrhythmias/cardiac issues

Question 19

AE of calcium channel blockers

Answer 19

headache, dizziness, hypotension, bradycardia, reflex tachycardia, sweating, flushing, constipation

Question 20

what are -azosin?

Answer 20

alpha-adrenoceptor blockers

Question 21

-azosin MOA

Answer 21

reduce sympathetic tone of blood vessels - leads to vasodilation

Question 22

-azosin AE

Answer 22

1st dose syncope, orthostatic hypotension, reflux tachycardia, arrhythmia

Question 23

what is clonidine?

Answer 23

central acting alpha 2 agonists for HTN

Question 24

clonidine MOA

Answer 24

bind to alpha 2 receptor and decrease NE which decreases SNS (decrease peripheral resistance, HR, BP)

Question 25

clonidine AE

Answer 25

dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, and headache