Week 7 - Group Dynamics & Cohesion Flashcards
Define groups
“2 or more people who interact w/ one another such that each person influences + is influenced by each other person”. (Moorhead & Griffin, 1998).
Characteristics of a group
Collective ID Sense of shared purpose Structured modes of communication Personal +/or task interdependence Interpersonal interaction
What roles are there in group structure
Formal roles Informal roles
Formal roles
Coach, instructor, captain = Dictated by nature + structure of organisation.
Informal roles
Enforcer, mediator = Evolve from groups dynamics or interactions among group members.
What’s important for team success
Role clarity + role acceptance
When does role conflict occur
When role occupant doesn’t have sufficient ability, motivation, time or understanding to achieve goal
List the 11 informal roles
Comedian Spark plug Cancer Enforcer Mentor Informal leader – nonverbal Informal leader - verbal Team player Star player Malingerer Social convener
INFORMAL ROLES Spark plug
Athlete who inspires group towards a common goal
INFORMAL ROLES Cancer
Athlete who expresses -ive emotions that spread destructively throughout a team
INFORMAL ROLES Enforcer
Athlete who’s physically intimidating who’s counted on to retaliate when rough tactic are used by the opposing teams
INFORMAL ROLES Informal leader - non-verbal
Athlete who leads by example, hard work + dedication
INFORMAL ROLES Malingerer
Athlete who prolongs psych. or physical symptoms of injury for some type of external gain.
Define a group norm
Level of perf, pattern of behaviour or belief. — Can be formally/informally developed by a group.
What is norm for productivity
Standard for effort + perf. accepted by team.
Give a method to create +ive norms
Enlist formal + informal leaders of team to set +ive examples.
Gender differences in team norms
Research found that F teams had a better understanding of norms for competition, practice, + social settings than M teams (Bruner, Carreau, Wilson, & Penney, 2014).
Why is it that F teams have a better understanding of norms for competition, practise + social settings than M teams
F have demonstrated that they hold stronger perceptions for social values i.e belongingness than males. — Might have something to do w/ M playing more often in contact + collision sports where there could be fewer social norms than in ind. sports + other noncontact team sports. Applied perspective — coaches of M teams in particular should consider strategies i.e team goal setting + team building to help set appropriate team norms (Bloom & Stevens, 2002).
What are the theories of group development
Linear perspective Cyclical perspective Pendular perspective
THEORIES OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT What are the stages in the linear perspective
Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning (added in 1977)
THEORIES OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT LINEAR PERSPECTIVE Explain forming
Familiarisation Determining ind. roles w/in group Determine groups task
THEORIES OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT LINEAR PERSPECTIVE Explain storming
Resistance to leader Interpersonal conflict Resistance to group methods + task
THEORIES OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT LINEAR PERSPECTIVE Explain Norming
Team roles developed Team norms developed Task cooperation is apparent
THEORIES OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT LINEAR PERSPECTIVE Explain Performing
Clearly defined roles Channeled energy towards completion of task
