Week 11 - PA & +ive Mental States Flashcards
What is incr. exercise correlated with?
⬆️ self-efficacy + perceived competence
⬆️ achievement motivation + intention to exercise
⬆️ levels of task goal orientation
⬇️ depression
What is the amount of exercise related to?
Perceived body attractiveness
Importance of appearance
Physical self-worth in adolescent girls.
What are the physiological explanations to understanding the effect of exercise on psych. well being
⬆️ in cerebral bf
Changes in brain NT (i.e norepinephrine, endorphins, serotonin…)
⬆️ max O2 consumption + delivery of O2 to cerebral tissues
⬇️ muscle tension
Structural changes in brain
⬆️ serum conc. of endocannabinoid receptors
What are the psychological explanations to understanding the effect of exercise on psych. well being
Enhanced feeling of control
Feeling of competency + self-efficacy
+ive social interactions
Improved self-concept + self-esteem
Opportunities for fun
Define self-esteem
How we feel about who we are + overall evaluation of our worth.
Define self-concept
Self description based on qualities, traits + roles.
According to Fox & Corbin, 1989 & Whitehead, 1995, what comes under global self-worth?
Academic SW
Social SW
Emotional SW
Physical SW
In the diagram, what level is the global self esteem
Superordinate + general enduring side
In the diagram, what level is the physical self esteem
Domain
In the diagram, what level is competence, strength, condition and appearance (all under physical SW)?
Subdomain
In the diagram, what level is the example of the sport?
Facet
In the diagram, what level is the specific area of the facet?
Subfacet + specific changing side
What’s central to our conscious lives?
Self-concept
What did Sonstroem (1997) argue?
That ⬆️ in self-esteem seen after exercise may result from perceptions of improvement or other program factors (biological or psych) rather than from the fitness improvements.
How long have changes in self-esteem been maintained for?
At least 1 year.
What did Levy & Ebbeck, 2005, find when carrying out a study to test Sonstroems self-esteem model?
For women, physical acceptance was an important predictor of self-esteem.
What do women that report low-self esteem also report?
More menopausal distress + poorer quality of life.
Elavsky, 2009.
How long after did Taylor + Fox (2005) find there to be +ive effects of exercise on physical self-perceptions + SW?
Up to 40 weeks after the exercise program (10 weeks) had finished.
What did Appleton, 2013 state?
That even though participants had no change in body shape or weight, they displayed an ⬆️ in body image after 6 40-min exercise bouts.
What sources of info to people use to develop self-representations?
Evaluative fb
Social Comparison
Self Comparison
According to Fox & Corbin, 1989 & Whitehead, 1995, what comes under physical self-worth?
Perception of sports competence
Perception of body attractiveness
Perception of physical strength
Perception of physical conditioning
Depression and anxiety are what type of mental health condition?
Neurotic disorder
The NICE guidelines for treating depression using PA recommend what frequency of for group exercise sessions?
3 a week
What describes the reported relationship between PA and depression?
Negative
According to Chekroud et al., (2018) what exercise duration was related to the lowest mental health burden?
45 minutes
In the EXSEM model, which is the first concept to change?
Self-efficacy
The EXSEM model is an example of which type of directionality?
Bottom up
Give examples of cognitive cues in the DMM (Dual mode model)
Self efficacy
Goals
Self perceptions
Social considerations
During severe activity what is the usual affective response
Negative
What is the affective response immediately after severe exercise?
Positive
