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pyb100 > week 7: culture > Flashcards

week 7: culture Flashcards

1
Q

what is indigenous psychology

A

Understanding across a long history of exploring wellbeing and meaning in human existence

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2
Q

why did indigenous psychology come about

A

Grew from belief that Indigenous people needed their own psychological framework and not have an imported western framework imposed on their reality

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3
Q

what are the Two fundamental assumptions of psychology

A

individualism

universality

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4
Q

where did indigenous psychology develop

A

developed from within and influenced by local cultural context to result in locally relevant psychological knowledge

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5
Q

what are the key aims of indigenous psychology

A
  • Provide leadership
  • Ensure access to equitable, quality care that respects and promotes the cultural integrity, regardless of location
  • Psychology is responsive and grounded in holistic Indigenous perspectives
  • Increase Indigenous entrants into psychology programs
  • Quality control of workshops and training programs related to the application of psychology in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander contexts.
  • Engage in research to generate improved policy and social and emotional wellbeing and mental health outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
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6
Q

what is Social and Emotional Wellbeing for indigenous people

A 
connection to 
body
mind and emotion
family and kinship
community
culture
country
spirit/ancestors
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7
Q

9 Guiding Principles in Indigenous Psychology

A
  1. Health as holistic
  2. The right to self-determination
  3. The need for cultural understanding
  4. The impact of history in trauma and loss
  5. Recognition of human rights
  6. The impact of racism and stigma
  7. Recognition of the centrality of kinship
  8. Recognition of cultural diversity
  9. Recognition of Aboriginal strengths
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8
Q

concerns surrounding first nation Australians

A
  • Legacies of colonisation, oppression & injustice (generational trauma)
  • Suicide, violence, alcohol dependence and depression
  • Historical and ongoing issues
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9
Q

why is Suicide, violence, alcohol dependence and depression high?

A

result of multi-generational responses to dispossession and despair

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10
Q

Historical and ongoing issues surrounding first nations

A
  • Dispossession
  • Colonisation
  • Massacres/atrocities
  • Protection/ segregation
  • Assimilation policies (including the Stolen Generation & Institutionalisation)
  • Northern Territory Intervention
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11
Q

Ongoing Issues for first nations

A
  • Racism
  • Stereotypes/myths
  • Discrimination
  • Poverty
  • Disadvantage
  • Deaths in custody
  • Land rights
  • Stolen wages
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12
Q

disadvantages experienced by first nation australians

A
  • health
  • housing, -employment
  • education
  • justice/access
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13
Q

Stages of decolonisation

A 
Rediscovery and recovery
Mourning
Dreaming
Commitment
Action
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14
Q

Issues in Cross-Cultural and Indigenous Psychology

A

different belief systems
reluctancy to talk about differences
white/western models wont benefit

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15
Q

what is culture

A

the shared rules that govern the behaviour; it is a filter through which we see and understand our current reality

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16
Q

forms of diversity

A 
Age
Disability
Religion/spirituality
Ethnicity/Culture
Socioeconomic status
Sexual Orientation
Indigenous Heritage/Colonisation
Status
Language
Gender
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17
Q

Most research in psychology uses samples from:

A 
Western
Educated
Industrialised
Rich
Democratic countries
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18
Q

Cultural vs cross-cultural psychology

A

Cultural: examine features of cultures, and processes of culture maintenance and change, within cultures
Cross-cultural: identify areas of similarities and difference between cultures

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19
Q

perspective Approaches to culture

A

emic

etic

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20
Q

what is an emic approach

A

attempt to understand a culture from the perspective of members
– what cultural members find important and meaningful

21
Q

what is an etic approach

A

understanding driven by researcher/general theories
eg.
Do theories fit across different cultural groups?
Look for similarities and differences

22
Q

5 basic dimensions of culture

A 
power distance
individualism vs collectivism
masculinity 
uncertainty avoidance
long-term orientation
23
Q

what is the Power Distance dimension of culture

A

level of acceptance of inequality between people in a society

24
Q

what is the Individualism (v. collectivism) dimension of culture

A

degree to which a society reinforces individual achievement instead of collective achievement and interpersonal relationships

24
Q

what is the Individualism (v. collectivism) dimension of culture

A

degree to which a society reinforces individual achievement instead of collective achievement and interpersonal relationships

25
Q

what is the Masculinity dimension of culture

A

degree to which societies reinforce the traditional masculine work role model of achievement, control, and power

26
Q

what is the Uncertainty Avoidance dimension of culture

A

level of avoidance of uncertainty and ambiguity within a society

27
Q

what is the Long-term orientation dimension of culture

A

degree to which societies embraces, or does not embrace, long-term devotion to traditional values – expectations that change occurs slowly

28
Q

culture and self concepts

A

interdependent self

independent self

29
Q

interdependent self

A 
Connected
Relational
Holistic
Collective
Allocentric (interest/focus on others)
30
Q

independent self

A 
Unique
Autonomous
Self-contained
Individualistic
Idiocentric (interest/focus on oneself
31
Q

how many voluntary migrants live in Aus?

A

7.5 million migrants (29.5% of the population)

32
Q

how many People Seeking Asylum

A

4.1 million people seeking asylum globally

33
Q

different types of short term migrants

A

international students
temp work visa
intention is to stay temporarily

34
Q

what is culture shock

A

a feeling of disorientation and anxiety that occurs as people from one culture encounter and adapt to the practices, rules and expectations of another culture

35
Q

what are the 4 phases of culture shock

A

Honeymoon
Disenchantment
Beginning Resolution
Effective Functioning

36
Q

what is the honeymoon stage of culture shock

A

initial euphoria and excitement

37
Q

what is the Disenchantment stage of culture shock

A

disillusionment and even hostility towards new culture as values and habits conflict with local attitudes and beliefs

38
Q

what is the Beginning Resolution stage of culture shock

A

recovery as confidence and understanding of the new culture grows

39
Q

what is the Effective Functioning stage of culture shock

A

adjustments as the individual learns how to fit into new cultural environment

40
Q

what is acculturation

A

assimilation to a different culture

41
Q

Level of acculturation

A
  • Degree of affiliation with culture of origin and new culture
  • Process that changes over time
  • Culture is learned
42
Q

how is acculturation measured

A 
changes in:
Language preferences/abilities
Beliefs/attitudes
Behaviours:
eg. food, participation in customs and traditions, movie/music preferences
43
Q

what is multiculturalism

A

Where multiple cultures exist within a country and numbers of minority groups is significant

44
Q

what is pluralism

A

Rights of diverse groups to retain their cultural heritage and to co-exist

45
Q

what are marcias stages of identity

A

Identity Diffusion
Identity Foreclosure
Identity Moratorium
Identity Achievement

46
Q

cross-cultural issues

A 
stereotyping
ethnocentrism
prejudice
racism
discrimination
47
Q

what is unconscious bias

A

inherent or learned stereotype about people that everyone forms without realising it

pyb100 (9 decks)

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