Week 7 Flashcards
Group
Two or more people who, for longer than a few moments, interact with and influence one another and perceive one another as “us.”
Co-Actors
A group of people working simultaneously and individually on a noncompetitive task.
Social Facilitation (Original Meaning)
The tendency of people to perform simple or well-learned tasks better when others are present.
Social Facilitation (Current Meaning)
The strengthening of dominant responses owing to the presence of others.
Evaluation Apprehension
Concern for how others are evaluating us.
Social Loafing
The tendency for people to exert less effort when they pool their efforts toward a common goal than when they are individually accountable.
Free-Ride
Benefitting from the group, but giving little in return.
Deindividuation
Loss of self-awareness and evaluation apprehension; occurs in group situations that foster anonymity and draw attention away from the individual.
Group Polarization
Group-produced enhancement of members’ pre-existing tendencies; a strengthening of the members’ average tendency, not a split within the group.
Pluralistic Ignorance
A false impression of how other people are thinking, feeling, or responding. (ex: confusing class and no questions example).
Groupthink
The mode of thinking that persons engage in when concurrence seeking becomes so dominant in a cohesive in-group that it tends to over-ride realistic appraisal of alternative courses of action.
Ex: Titanic.
Leadership
The process by which certain group members motivate and guide the group.
How are we affected by the mere presence of others?
Others increase our arousal which increases dominant behaviours and decreases nondominant behaviours.
How are we affected by crowds?
Effect of presence will increase with number of people.
Crowding enhances arousal and intensifies negative and positive reactions.
Why are we aroused in the presence of others?
Evaluation apprehension, distraction, and mere presence.
