Week 6- Posterior abdominal wall Flashcards
What is contained within the femoral sheath?
Vessels (artery, vein) inside, nerve is outside.
Where does the quadratus lumborum attach?
The iliac crest- 12th rib- transverse processes of L1-L4.
What occurs if both quadratus lumborum muscles contract? How does this differ if one contracts?
If both contract- pressure for forced expiration and supports the 12th rib.
If one contracts- flexes the trunk to one side.
Where does the lateral arcuate ligament run?
Over the top of quadratus lumborum.
Where does the iliacus attach? What does it join to form a bigger muscle?
Attaches from the iliac fossa (the curved part of the ilium) and joins the psoas to attach to the lesser trochanter of the femur
Joins psoas to from iliopsoas muscle.
What is the function of the iliacus muscle?
It flexes the hip.
What nerve supplies the iliacus muscle?
Femoral nerve.
Where does the psoas muscle attach?
T12-L4 vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs superficially and L1-L5 deep to join the psoas muscle to attach to the lesser trochanter of the femur.
What is the role of the psoas muscle?
Hip flexion.
Bends trunk laterally if only one contracts.
Raises trunk from supine position if both contract.
Which nerve sits directly on the anterior surface of the psoas muscle?
Genitofemoral nerve.
Which nerves supply the psoas muscle?
Lumbar plexus direct branches L2-4.
At what level does the abdominal aorta enter the abdomen?
Which foramen does it go through?
At T12.
Goes through the aortic hiatus.
At what level does the abdominal aorta bifurcate to form the common iliac arteries?
Bifurcates at L4.
What does the IVC drain?
Blood from the body wall via the lumbar and sacral veins.
Blood from the diaphragm via the phrenic veins.
Blood from the kidneys and suprarenal glands.
Blood from hepatic veins.
At what vertebral level is the IVC formed? What forms it?
The two common iliac veins join to form the IVC at L5.
What do the lumbar veins drain. And where do they drain too?
Lumbar veins drain the posterior abdominal wall. There are 5.
1 and 2 drain to the ascending lumbar vein.
3 and 4 drain to the IVC
5 drains to the iliolumbar vein (into the common iliac).
What do the ascending lumbar veins connect?
They connect the external iliac and lumbar veins to the azygous and hemiazygous systems.
Where are the gonadal arteries coming from? What are their names in women and men?
Directly off the abdominal aorta at L2.
Women- ovarian artery
Men- testicular artery.
Where do the ovarian and testicular veins drain to?
On the right side- directly into the IVC.
On the left side- into the renal vein
What modality do the greater, lesser and least splanchnic nerves contain?
Hold sympathetic fibres.
What modality do the pelvic splanchnic nerves contain?
Hold the parasympathetic fibres.
What is the name of the plexus found around the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta?
What modalities does this plexus contain?
Superior hypogastric plexus
Contains both parasympathetic and sympathetic fibres.
What is the name of the area where the intestinal lymph vessels come together?
What is it the start of?
Cisterna Chyli.
Its the start of the thoracic duct.
Which nerve roots form the lumbar plexus?
Anterior rami of L1-L4.
