Week 6 part 2 Flashcards
Commonest uterine mass?
Fibroids
what is siad to have occured to a uterine fibroid if pain is disproportionate e.g. in pregnancy and menopause?
Red degeneration
What invesgitations are done for suspected fibroids?
Haemoglobin if heavy bleeding
Ultrasound - smooth echogenic mass
MRI for precise location
Fibroid treatment?
Traditionally hysterectomy if family complete
Give to examples of functional ovarian cysts related to ovulation?
- Follicular cyst
2. Luteal cyst
What cysts are typically associated with severe dysmenorrhaoea and premenstrual pain, also dyspareunia and often associated with subfertility?
Endometriotic cysts
Give an example of a benign cystic teratoma (arising from germ cell, primary ovarian tumour)?
Dermoid cyst
What is Meigs syndrome?
Triad of benign ovarian tumour (fibroma) with ascites and pleural effusion
What might malignant germ cell tumorus of ovary produce?
HCG or AFP
BRACA1 & 2?
Breast and ovarian cancer
HNPCC
Lynch syndrome - colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer
What is protective factor for ovarian cancer?
OCP
Ovarain cancer tumour marker?
CA 125 - RAISED in 80% of cancer
Carcino-embryonic antigen CEA
What can endometriosis, peritonitis, pregnancy, pancreatitis, ascites all cause a moderate elevation in??
CA-125
What ovarian tumours cause a particular rise in carcino embryonic antigen CEA? Mian function of CEA is to exclude mets from GI primary
mUcinous tumours
How do you calculate RMI for ovarian cancer?
Menopausal status x serum CA125 x US score
What biochemistry test should be requested when investigating ovarian canceR?
Serum albumin
ascites/ bloating
pelvic mass/ bladder dysfunction
pleural effusion/shortness of breath
Ovarian cancer
Patient with an RMI above what should be referred to hospital?
Above 200
FIGO staging of ovarian cancer: confined to 1 or both ovaries
I
FIGO staging of ovarian cancer: spread beyond pelkvis within the abdomen?
III
FIGO staging of ovarian cancer: Spread to other pelvic organs e.g. uterus, fallopian tube
II
FIGO staging of ovarian cancer: spread into other organs e.g. liver, lungs?
iv
What should all women with high grade early stage Ia-Ib ovarian cancer ben considered for?
Chemotherapy
For advanced disease ovarian cancer what is drug of choice for both single and combnation therapy?
Carboplatin (platinum drug)
What are the most common extra-abdominal cancers that cause malignant bowel obstruction?
Breast
Melanoma
Lung
