week 6 L1 Learning

Question 1

Learning

Answer 1

any enduring change in the way an organism responds based on it’s experience

Question 2

Behaviourism/behaviour analysis

Answer 2

studies behaviour as a function of environmental influences

Question 3

3 types of learning

Answer 3

Classical conditioning, operant conditioning and cognitive + social learning

Question 4

reflex

Answer 4

a behaviour elicited automatically by an environmental stimulus

Question 5

Habituation

Answer 5

when repeated exposure to a stimulus decreases an organisms responsiveness to the stimulus- getting used to something

Question 6

Sensitisation

Answer 6

when exposure to a stimulus increases an organisms responsiveness to the stimulus

Question 7

Habituation and sensitisation

Answer 7

non associative learning

Question 8

Systematic desensitisation

Answer 8

Gradual progression of introducing the phobia to the organism until they no longer fear it

Question 9

Stimulus generalization

Answer 9

a tendency for the conditioned response to be elicited by neutral stimuli that are similar but not identical to the conditioned stimulus

Question 10

Stimulus discrimination

Answer 10

tendency for the conditioned response to be elicited only by stimuli that are very similar or identical to the conditioned stimulus

Question 11

Extinction

Answer 11

Repeated presentations of the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus will eventually eliminate the response

Question 12

Spontaneous recovery

Answer 12

the reemergence of a previously extinguished conditioned response

Question 13

why is classical conditioning adaptive

Answer 13

Biological preparedness- helps us to learn adaptive responses to stimuli that could kill us

Question 14

Interstimulus interval

Answer 14

Usually the neutral stimulus needs to be presented very close in time to the unconditioned stimulus to create a conditioned stimulus

Question 15

Forward conditioning

Answer 15

when the (NS) occurs before the (UCS)- most effective

Question 16

Simultaneous conditioning

Answer 16

when the (CS) and (UCS) are presented at the same time

Question 17

backward conditioning

Answer 17

the (UCS) is presented before the (CS)

Question 18

Law of effect

Answer 18

responses that produce a satisfying outcome in a situation will be more likely to occur again in that situation

Question 19

operant conditioning

Answer 19

focuses on behaviours that have some effect on the environment

Question 20

Three term contingency

Answer 20

Antecedent, behaviour and consequence

Question 21

Antecedent

Answer 21

Conditions that are in place when operant behaviour occurs

Question 22

Behaviour

Answer 22

the function (consequence) that changes the likelihood that the behaviour will occur again

Question 23

Consequence

Answer 23

reinforcer or punisher- do these increase or decrease the likelihood of the behaviour occurring

Question 24

Reinforcement

Answer 24

refers to the process of delivering and observing increase likelihood of behaviour, increases the likelihood the behaviour will occur again

Question 25

two types of reinforcer

Answer 25

primary (unconditioned) secondary (conditioned)

Question 26

Punishment

Answer 26

decreases the likelihood that the behaviour will occur again