memory 1 and 2 Flashcards
The modal model of memory
sensory memory> Short-term memory> Long term memory
Two types of sensory memory
iconic and echoic
Iconic
sensory memory for visual info
Echoic
sensory memory for auditory info
How much info can sensory memory store
lots
How long can sensory info store for
Briefly (ms)
Short term/working memory
Visual/spatial info+audio/speech info
How much info does short term memory hold
not very much- magic number 7
How long does short term memory hold onto info for
not very long, up to 30s
Chunking
organising info into meaningful units
Rehearsal
repeating something in your head to remember it
Maintenance rehearsal
repeating something in your head but doing nothing with it
Elaborative Rehearsal
Chunking info while also associating it with memory using prior knowledge
Serial position efect
you are more likely to remember words at the beginning of the sequence and less likely to remember words in the middle of the sequence. Words at the end are highly likely to be remembered because they are sitting in your short term memory
Long term memory
organised into sub-types
What info is stored in long term memory
meaning
How much info is stored in long term memory
lots
How long is long term memory stored for
a long time
Episodic memory
explicit/declarative- memory for events and experiences
Semantic memory
explicit/declarative- memory for facts and concepts- info separated from the context you learn dit
Procedural memory
implicit/non-declarative, memory for how to do things such as skills and habits
Conditioning
learned associations
priming
implicit/non-declarative, when processing of a response to something is easier/faster because you’ve come across it before
consolidation
the process of moving info from short-term to long term store
Two types of interference
Retroactive and proactive
Retroactive
when learning of new info interferes with recall of old info
Proactive
when old info interfers with learning of new info
How to improve memory
reconsolidating, distributed practice and tests
