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S7- Cardiopulmonary > Week 6- Exercise Testing > Flashcards

Week 6- Exercise Testing Flashcards

1
Q

PART 1

A

PART 1:

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2
Q

What is exercise testing?

A

A noninvasive procedure that evaluated an individual’s capacity for dynamic exercise.

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3
Q

Outcomes of Exercise Testing Information Provided:

  • _______/________ information
  • Define exercise/functional __________.
  • Provides _______/________ data.
  • Provides guidance in ______________.
A
  • diagnostic/prognostic
  • exercise/functional capacity
  • baseline/follow-up
  • directing exercise training program
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4
Q
  • At what age should men and women be exercise tested?

- Who else should be be exercise tested?

A

-Men >45, Women >55

  • Family Hx of CVD
  • Cigarette Smoking
  • Sedentary Lifestyle (not meeting exercise guidelines for previous 3 months)
  • Obesity
  • HTN
  • Dyslipidemia
  • Prediabetic
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5
Q

Exercise Testing ABSOLUTE Contraindications. (9)

A
  • Recent significant change in resting ECG***
  • Unstable angina***
  • Uncontrolled cardiac dysrhythmias***
  • Uncontrolled symptomatic HF
  • Acute PE or pulmonary infarction***
  • Severe symptomatic aortic stenosis
  • Acute myocarditis/pericarditis
  • Suspected/known dissecting aneurysm
  • Acute systemic infection***
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6
Q

Exercise Testing RELATIVE Contraindications. (10)

A
  • L main coronary stenosis
  • e- imbalance
  • Moderate stenotic valvular heart disease
  • Severe untreated arterial HTN (SBP >200, DBP >120)
  • HCM
  • Uncontrolled metabolic disease (DM)
  • High degree AV block
  • Tachy/bradycardia
  • Advanced/complicated pregnancy
  • Abnormal increase in weight in past 2 days with stable HF
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7
Q

ABSOLUTE Contraindications to STOP Exercise:

  • Onset of _______.
  • Suspicion of ________.
  • Drop in SBP >___mmHg with increased work rate.
  • SBP >____mmHg and/or DBP >____mmHg.
  • Serious _________.
  • Significant _________ HTN.
  • Signs of poor ________ including pallor, cyanosis, cold and clammy skin.
  • SOB, wheezing, leg cramps, or claudication.
  • Technical inability to monitor ECG.
  • Patient request.
A
  • angina or angina-like symptoms
  • MI
  • SBP >10mmHg
  • SBP >250mmHg and/or DBP >115mmHg
  • serious arrhythmias
  • pulmonary HTN
  • poor perfusion
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8
Q

What are some signs of poor perfusion? (3)

A
  • pallor
  • cyanosis
  • cold and clammy skin
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9
Q

RELATIVE Contraindications to STOP Exercise:

  • Failure of _______ to increase with increasing exercise intensity.
  • Change in heart _______.
  • Patient request.
  • Severe fatigue.
  • Failure of testing equipment.
  • Ventricular aneurysm.
A
  • HR

- heart rhythm

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10
Q

“No exercise testing required before walking, flexibility, or resistance training. Follow ACSM guidelines for exercise testing before _______-________ ________ exercise training.”

A

-mod-vig aerobic

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11
Q

Submaximal Exercise Test:

  • Patient achieves a predetermined _________ exertional level and then test is stopped.
  • May be symptom limited or have a predetermined end point (___% HRmax).
  • These tests tend to be ______, ________ protocol.
  • No expired gas analysis performed.
  • VO2max OR VO2peak is typically _________ from the results of the test
A
  • submaximal
  • 85% HRmax
  • ramped, progressive protocol
  • extrapolated
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12
Q

PART 2: BRUCE PROTOCOL & 6MWT

A

PART 2: BRUCE PROTOCOL & 6MWT

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13
Q
  • What is the Bruce Protocol?

- Is it a direct indicator of VO2max?

A
  • The Bruce Protocol is a standard test in cardiology and is comprised of multiple exercise stages of three minutes each.
  • No, but we can ESTIMATE peak VO2.
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14
Q

What information can we derive from the Bruce Protocol Test if expired gases are not analyzed? (4)

A
  1. ) Stage completed
  2. ) Exercise duration
  3. ) HR/RPE/Dyspnea at FIXED WORK LOADS (each stage = a fixed work load)
  4. ) Estimated VO2max
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15
Q

What are (3) methods to estimate age specific HR?

A

Traditional Method
-220-age

Tanaka Method
-207-(0.7*age)

Inbar Method
-205.8-(0.685*age)

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16
Q
  • What provides the best available approximation of VO2max?

- How is it calculated?

A
  • Heart Rate Reserve (HRR)

- HRR = Estimated HRmax-HRrest

17
Q

What are the (3) instances where the Bruce Protocol is stopped?

A
  1. ) Achieve age-predetermined HR (85% HRmax)
  2. ) Volitional fatigue
  3. ) Patient choice
18
Q

What (3) things at measured at each stage of the Bruce Protocol?

A
  1. ) HR
  2. ) RPE
  3. ) BP
19
Q

What is another exercise test commonly used?

A

6MWT

20
Q

What (6) measurements need to be made during an assessment of exercise capacity?

A
  • BP
  • HR
  • RR
  • RPE
  • Rating of breathlessness (during and at end)
  • Arterial O2sats
21
Q

Are there age matched healthy normals for the 6MWT?

A

Yes (males and females)

22
Q

What is the purpose of the 6MWT?

A

Used to establish status and to set goals.

23
Q

What was the 6MWT originally developed for?

A

Functional capacity

24
Q

What is the MCSD for the 6MWT?

A

54-80m

25
Q

PART 3: STRENGTH AND POWER

A

PART 3: STRENGTH AND POWER

26
Q

What are some ways to measure strength? (4)

A
  • MMT
  • 1RM
  • Hand-held dynamometer
  • Isokinetic machines
27
Q

Power:

  • Power = _____ * ______
  • Reflects a combination of _______ and ________.
  • Tests will have a _______ and ______ component.
A
  • Power = Force * Velocity
  • strength and endurance
  • force and time
28
Q

What are some tests utilized to measure power? (3)

A
  • Peak Cycling Test
  • Stair Climb Test
  • 30s Sit to Stand
29
Q

Which is better in determining functional status and independently predicted functional dependency even after accounting for additional neurophysiological and health status indicators? (Power, Strength, Aerobic Capacity)

A

POWER

S7- Cardiopulmonary (24 decks)

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