WEEK 6: Ch: 8,9

Question 1

Personality disorder

Answer 1

stable, enduring patterns of thought, feeling, and behavior that emerge around adolescence or early adulthood that derive from one’s cultural norms that are pervasive and inflexible.

Question 2

DSM-5 Personality Disorders

Answer 2

1-Schizoid
2-Schizotypal
3-Paranoid
4-Antisocial
5-Borderline
6-Histrionic
7-Narcissistic
8-Avoidant
9-Dependent
10-Obsessive compulsive

Question 3

Schizoid symptoms?

Answer 3

detachment from social relationships and limited expression of emotions within personal relationships. Individuals prefer to be alone.

Question 4

Schizotypal symptoms?

Answer 4

social detachment but also extreme discomfort with any relationships. Odd thinking and superstitious beliefs. (paranormal, bizarre experiences)

Question 5

Paranoid symptoms?

Answer 5

Shares feature with schizoid and schizotypal but are characterized with strong suspicions of others. Individuals think that others will harm them for no reason.

Question 6

Antisocial symtomps?

Answer 6

tendency to disregard or violate others rights. Individuals are very deceitful, repeatedly lying and conning others for personal gain. Aggressive, irresponsible, and reckless.

Question 7

Borderline symptoms?

Answer 7

Instability with one’s own image and relationship with others. Love-hate relationship with others worries about being abundant. pattern of self-harming

Question 8

Histrionic symptoms?

Answer 8

exaggerated display of emotions, needs to be center of attention, use their physical appearance to seduce people, easily influenced by others considers casual relationships much closer.

Question 9

Narcissistic symptoms?

Answer 9

consider yourself superior and deserving the admiration of others, lack of concern for others needs arrogant style aspire successful people.

Question 10

Avoidant symptoms?

Answer 10

social inhibition, shyness, feelings of inadequacy, and oversensitivity.Fear of criticism and rejection.

Question 11

Dependent

Answer 11

excessive need to be taken care of, submissive clinging behavior, and fear of separation.

Question 12

Obsessive compulsive

Answer 12

preoccupation with orderliness, perfection and control. Preoccupied with details, workaholic, and inflexible with time schedules.

Question 13

Cluster for classifying DSM-5 disorders

Answer 13

1-Cluster A (odd, eccentric)
2-Cluster B (dramatic, erratic)
3-Cluster C (anxious, fearful)

Question 14

Cluster A

Answer 14

Schizoid, schizotypal and paranoid disorders strange or unusual.

Question 15

Cluster B

Answer 15

antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic are impulsive and unstable.

Question 16

Cluster C

Answer 16

avoidant, dependent and obsessive-compulsive behaviors are motivated by anxiety and fear.

Question 17

Problems of DSM-5 Disorders

Answer 17

1- Symptoms overlap
2-symptoms don’t go together they may be unrelated
3-clusters don’t match the factor analysis
4- personality disorder should be seen as continue not category.

Question 18

New System for Disorders?

Answer 18

A new system has been offered for further discussion but hasn’t been accepted yet. It includes: Impaired personality dysfunction, presence of pathological personality traits.

Question 19

Impaired personality Dysfunction

Answer 19

Identity problems:
- lack of knowledge about your identity, identifying someone’s personality as yours, concerned of being independent from others.
-unstable self-esteem
-unable to regulate emotions

Self-direction problems:
-unable to set realistic goals
-lacking standards for behaving prosocially and missing opportunities
-unable to reflect constructively on experiences.

Question 20

Interpersonal problems (empathy, intimacy)

Answer 20

Empathy:
-unable to understand experiences or emotions of others.
-unable to see other’s perspectives
-has a little understanding of how behaviors effect others.
Intimacy:
-lacking positive sustained relationship with others
-unable to engage in close relationships
-unable to cooperate with others.

Question 21

The new system has recognized 25 personality traits which are under 5 categories.

Answer 21

1-Negative affectivity
: intense and frequent experience of negative emotions.
2-Detachment: withdrawal from social interactions
3-Antagonism: acting in ways to create difficulties for others
4-Disinhibition: behaving on impulse without thinking the consequences
5-Psychoticism: unusual bizarre thoughts and perceptions.

Question 22

Validity of the test

Answer 22

High convergent low discriminant validity.

Question 23

Treatment of the disorders?

Answer 23

1-Psychotherapy
2-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
3-Dialectical behavioral therapy: for borderline disorder make them aware of the emotions
4-Psychobiological treatment
5- Treatment of antisocial disorder: tend to act as if they are cured. Make their own self-interest to avoid exploring other people.

Question 24

Are spouses similar in personality

Answer 24

1- There is a slight correlation of spouses being similar only for the honesty humility scale

Question 25

Marital satisfaction:

Answer 25

Higher marital satisfaction is associated with high emotional stability, agreeableness and conscientiousness.

Question 26

Are friends similar in personality?

Answer 26

Only similar for honesty-humility and openness to experience.
-Friends think they are more similar to each other than what they actually are.

Question 27

Kids theory of (popular, rejected,neglected ,controversial )

Answer 27

popular-high sociability, low aggression
rejected: high agression, low sociability
neglected: low aggression low sociability
controversial: high aggression, high sociability
-Sociability is linked to being liked, aggressiveness is linked to being disliked.

Question 28

Adults theory:

Answer 28

Popular adults: high extraversion, low honesty-humility, low openness to experience, low agreeableness.
Likability: high agreeableness, high emotionality

Question 29

Personality-Health

Answer 29

Longevity: low consciousness levels sooner death ( moderate level)

Question 30

Substance abuse- consciountesness

Answer 30

traits related to consciousness (self-discipline, impulse control) predşctive for drug abuse.
note: cannabis is related to openness to experience

Question 31

Heart disease and A-type personality

Answer 31

people with keen, ambitious disposition who move at full speed are more likely to suffer from heart disease.
This is A-type personality: competitive, impatient, excessive job involvement etc.

Question 32

Achievements and personality

Answer 32

Conscientiousness has the highest correlation with academic performance. In elementary school other HEXACO factors are also related upon high school only conscientiousness.

Question 33

Job performance-personality

Answer 33

People with higher conscieountusness and high emotional income tend to have a slighter more income (weak correlation)

Question 34

Integrity test

Answer 34

self-report questionnaire that is meant to asses job performance.

Question 35

Overt-test

Answer 35

applicant’s dishonest and counterproductive behavior history.

Question 36

Gottherdson-Hirschi tehory

Answer 36

Self-control is what separates people from being a criminal or not. Impulsive risk-taking is one of the characteristics to measure.

Question 37

What are the 2 types of criminals

Answer 37

1-Primary psychopathy
2-secondary psychopathy

Question 38

Primary psychopathy

Answer 38

Manipulation,deceit, grandiosity, callousness and selfishness

Question 39

Secondary psychopathy

Answer 39

impulsivity, irresponsibility lack of planning, poor self control
1. manipulative, conning style of interaction
2-colossus insensitivity to others concerns
3-erratic impulsive lifestyle
4-pattern of anti-social behavior

Question 40

What is the dirk triad

Answer 40

1-Psychopathy (conscientiousness,emotional stability)
2-Machiavellianism (low agreeableness)
3- narcissism (high extraversion)
-all have negative correşation with honesty-humility,