Week 6

Question 1

What are the functions of the foot and ankle?

Answer 1

Question 2

Label

Answer 2

Question 3

Label

Answer 3

Question 4

What are the structures of the medial column of the foot?

Answer 4

Question 5

What are the structures of the lateral column of the foot?

Answer 5

Question 6

Where do you palpate for the navicular?

Answer 6

Question 7

Where do you palpate for the cuboid?

Answer 7

Question 8

What structures can also be assessed with surface palpation of navicular, cuboid, and talus?

Answer 8

Question 9

What is a ray?

Answer 9

Question 10

What are the joints of the foot/ankle complex?

Answer 10

Question 11

What joints are a part of the hindfoot?

Answer 11

distal tiobiofemoral joint
Talocrural joints
Subtalar joints

Question 12

What type of joint is the proximal and distal tibiofibular?

Answer 12

Question 13

What are the motions of the talocrural joints?

Answer 13

Question 14

What are the structures of the subtalar joint?

Answer 14

Question 15

Explain the hind foot joint motions in WB

Answer 15

Question 16

Explain the hind foot joint motions in NWB

Answer 16

Question 17

What are the structures of the mid foot?

Answer 17

Question 18

What are the joints of the forefoot?

Answer 18

MTP joints
PIP joints
DIP joints

Question 19

In the forefoot, describe supination

Answer 19

Question 20

In the forefoot, describe pronation

Answer 20

Question 21

Explain metatarsal break

Answer 21

Question 22

Would a metatarsal break occur?

Answer 22

Question 23

Label

Answer 23

Question 24

What are the weight distribution forces on the talus, MT heads, and calcaneus?

Answer 24

Question 25

Describe the plantar arches

Answer 25

Question 26

Label

Answer 26

Question 27

What are the functions of the arches?

Answer 27

Question 28

What are the ligaments of the medial longitudinal plantar arch?

Answer 28

Question 28

What is this?

Answer 28

Question 29

What happens to the arches in response to downward forces?

Answer 29

Question 30

Which muscles maintain the transverse arch?

Answer 30

Question 31

Give an example of a specific force the transverse arches manages

Answer 31

Question 32

Which mussels increase longitudinal arch stiffness?

Answer 32

Question 33

Provide examples of muscles that support the longitudinal arch

Answer 33

Question 34

Label and explain function

Answer 34

Question 35

Which muscle increases longitudinal arch stiffness when it increases in tension?

Answer 35

Question 35

Explain the longitudinal arch loading system

Answer 35

Question 36

What happens when the spring is overstretched?

Answer 36

Question 36

How does the achilles tendon affect the arch?

Answer 36

Question 37

What is plantar fasciitis?

Answer 37

Question 37

What is the role of plantar aponeurosis?

Answer 37

Question 37

What increases tension in the plantar fascia during WB and NWB?

Answer 37

Question 38

What is the windless test?

Answer 38

Question 39

What is the plantar aponeurosis and the windlass effect?

Answer 39

Question 40

What are the effects on the longitudinal arch stiffness during the lowest arch, a raised arch, and the highest arch?

Answer 40

Question 41

Assess a single leg stand (CKC), what muscles would produce forces to aid in frontal plane pelvic stability?

Answer 41

glute med Adductor magnus

Question 42

During hip extension and external rotation, what ligament would be most taught?

Answer 42

iliofemoral

Question 43

Does the coxofemoral joint produce flexion/extension, adduction/abduction, and external/internal rotation?

Answer 43

yes

Question 44

A patient comes in with right hip pain. You assess their single-leg stance on the right, and notice lateral trunk lean toward the stance leg. What effect does this compensation have on hip joint reaction forces?

Answer 44

It decreases forces by reducing the moment arm of body weight

Question 45

Assess glute medius during side lying hip abduction. The maximum force takes place at approximately (___) degrees of hip abduction due to optimal length-tension relationship.

Answer 45

25 degrees

Question 46

If a patient has a positive Trendelenburg sign. How would the gluteus medius muscle on the stance limb be affected?

Answer 46

lengthened and weak

Question 47

A patient had a CVA. They present with high muscle tone and positive CNS symptoms. How can hydrotherapy help the patient?

Answer 47

Warm water helps to relax the neuromuscular system

Question 48

What type of condition at the coxofemoral joint cause bending forces to be decreased, and joint reaction forces to be increased

Answer 48

coxa valga

Question 49

Assess the arthrokinematics of the hip joint. What external manual forces would produce the greatest functional return in hip extension needed for stepping backwards?

Answer 49

anterior glide of the femur

Question 50

A patient is submerged in water to their neckline. Their feet are not in contact with an underwater surface. What area of the lower quarter would experience the most increase in hydrostatic pressure forces?

Answer 50

ankle area

Question 51

Which option does the adductor muscle group of the thigh NOT produce: 1) Varum moment in the absence of a medial counterforce. 2) Creates a valgum moment in the absence of a lateral counterforce

Answer 51

1) Creates a varum moment in the absence of a medial counterforce

Question 52

A morbidly obese patient presents with an onset of left hip pain, particularly when walking and climbing stairs. What would explain the effects of obesity on the biomechanics of the hip joint?

Answer 52

The bending moment at the femoral shaft will be increased due to obesity.

Question 53

A patient presents with low back pain. They display significant anterior pelvic tilt. What muscle imbalance is most likely related to this deviation?

Answer 53

Tight erector spinae lengthened glute max

Question 54

What is the condition that causes the moment arm for hip abductors to be decreased and the knees assume a knocked in position?

Answer 54

Coxa Valga

Question 55

What condition of the knee is related to genu varum and genu valgum?

Answer 55

Genu varum - coxa valga Genu valgum - coxa varum