Week 5 Flashcards
1
Q
What are the degrees of freedom in the knee joint?
A
2
Q
Describe menisci and their function
A
3
Q
Where are the meniscal attachments?
A
4
Q
What is the direction of menisci motion with knee flexion?
A
5
Q
Explain knee MCL
A
6
Q
Explain knee LCL
A
7
Q
Explain knee ACL
A
8
Q
What are the tiers of knee ligament injuries?
A
9
Q
Explain knee PCL
A
10
Q
Where is the anteriolateral and posteromedial bundles located?
A
11
Q
What does the IT band do?
A
12
Q
Explain normal knee joint osteokinematics
A
13
Q
Explain functional knee joint osteokinematics
A
14
Q
Explain OKC and CKC flexion for the knee joint
A
15
Q
Explain OKC and CKC extension for the knee joint
A
16
Q
Explain OKC and CKC unlocking (flexion) for the knee joint
A
17
Q
Explain OKC and CKC locking (extension) for the knee joint
A
18
Q
What are the angles at the knee?
A
19
Q
Explain the Q angle
A
20
Q
Explain stability and stressors at the patellofemoral joint (PFJ)
A
21
Q
What are motions at the PFJ?
A
22
Q
What happens to the patella during knee flexion 135, 90, 20?
A
23
Q
What is patella alta and baja?
A
24
Q
How does the patella move if the tibia is moving?
A
25
Does sit to stand transition (STST) mechanics change due to muscle damage?
26
What type of joint is the hip?
27
Label
28
Label
29
What are the key anatomical structures in the acetabulum and femur?
30
What is the labrum?
The labrum is a fibrocartilaginous ring found in the shoulder (glenoid labrum) and hip (acetabular labrum) that plays a key role in joint stability and function. It deepens the socket, increasing joint congruency and reducing the risk of dislocation. Additionally, it acts as a shock absorber, distributes load, and helps maintain negative intra-articular pressure for enhanced stability. The labrum also contains mechanoreceptors that aid in proprioception and joint lubrication. Due to its limited blood supply, labral injuries, such as tears, can lead to pain, instability, and decreased function, often requiring physical therapy or surgical repair depending on severity.
31
A labral tear in the hip joint disrupts normal arthrokinematics, leading to excessive femoral head translation, instability, and altered glide-roll mechanics. The loss of the labrum’s suction effect increases joint laxity, causing abnormal stress on the articular cartilage and accelerating degenerative changes. Proprioceptive deficits from the tear can lead to compensatory movement patterns and muscle imbalances, often resulting in overactivation of stabilizing muscles like the iliopsoas while weakening gluteal function. These changes contribute to pain, dysfunction, and increased risk of osteoarthritis, ultimately impairing mobility and joint longevity.
32
Label
33
What is this type of repair?
ORIF: NWB
34
Label
35
What do anterior/posterior ligaments (hip and pelvis) resist?
36
What is the strongest ligament in the body?
37
What does overstretching the iliofemoral ligament lead to?
38
During hip extension, what happens to the ligaments (hip and pelvis)?
39
What are the dynamic/static stabilizers of the hip? Where do they stabilize?
40
Label
41
Where do the adductors attach?
42
What is the function of glute med and min in CKC?
43
What is the function of glute med and min in OKC?
44
Explain the trendelenburg sign
45
What happens if glute med is overstretched?
46
What muscles perform hip flexion/extension?
47
What muscles perform hip anterior/posterior tilt?
48
Explain hip flexion/extension in OKC and CKC
49
What are the phases of a sit to stand?
50
What are the normal biomechanics of a sit to stand?
51
What are the phases of gait?
52
List the possible hip movements with their norm values
53
Explain hip arthrokinematics
54
What are the sagittal, frontal, and transverse motions of the coxofemoral joint?
55
Explain CKC and OKC frontal plane motions of the coxofemoral joint
56
Label
57
What questions do you ask when you suspect bad posture?
58
What is LE cross syndrome?
59
Explain stability and motion during single limb stance
60
Explain stability of the pelvis during single limb stance (midstance)
61
Explain single limb CKC stability (midstance gait phase)
62
Explain
63
Explain the internal/external rotation of coxofemoral joint (horizontal plane)
64
Explain single limb OKC stability (walking)
65
What is motion coupling and rhythms?
66
Explain pelvifemoral rhythm
67
What is the direction of contact force, bending moment, and torsion torque? (Coxofemoral)
68
Label
69
What are the femoral angles of inclination?
70
Explain coxa vara
71
Explain coxa valga
72
What happens at the knee and ankle due to coxa valgum/varum?
73
Explain femoral angle of torsion
74
What does excessive femoral anteversion lead to?
75
Explain excessive femoral retroversion
76
Explain buoyancy
77
How much of the body needs to be emerged in water to get target weight reduction?
78
What are the key points regarding blood viscosity?
79
Explain hydrostatic pressure
80
What are the positive effects of hydrotherapy on the body?
