Week 11 (EXAM 3) Flashcards
1
Q
A
2
Q
A
3
Q
A
4
Q
Explain ideal posture
A
5
Q
For optimal posture, how does the LoG traverse joint axes?
A
6
Q
Explain the LoG in optimal posture through cervical region, shoulder joint, COG, Hip joint, Knee joint, and ankle joint
A
7
Q
Explain external and internal moments
A
8
Q
Sagittal plane in standing: Is the LoG anterior/posterior and is the external moment flexion/extension for the atlanto-occipital, cervical, and thoracic segments?
A
9
Q
Sagittal plane in standing: Is the LoG anterior/posterior and is the external moment flexion/extension for the lumbar, hip, knee, and ankle joints?
A
10
Q
What is posture control?
A
11
Q
Explain dynamic postural control
A
12
Q
What are the postural control strategies?
A
1) ankle
2) hip
3) stepping
4) reaching/grasping
13
Q
Explain the ankle strategy
A
14
Q
Asses the ankle strategy: Which muscles would work in a 1) posterior perturbation? 2) anterior perturbation?
A
15
Q
Explain the hip strategy
A
16
Q
Asses the hip strategy: What would in a 1) posterior perturbation? 2) anterior perturbation
A
17
Q
Explain the stepping strategy
A
18
Q
Explain the reaching strategy
A
19
Q
List important standing posture considerations
A
20
Q
Define BOS, COM, COG, LoG
A
21
Q
What mechanisms control posture?
A
22
Q
What are some common pathomechanics of posture?
A
23
Q
Explain kinetics of posture and assess how a slouched seated posture alters the LoG
A
24
Q
List non pathological postural changes and explain closed chain kinematics as a result of misalignment
A
25
How is the wrist anatomy divided?
26
What are the bones of the wrist and hand?
27
What are the joints of the wrist and hand?
28
What are the ligaments of the wrist and hand?
29
Muscles: List wrist flexors and extensors
30
Muscles: List radial/ulnar deviators and intrinsic and muscles
31
What are the 2 main joints of the wrist?
32
What are the advantages of having two level joints (radiocarpal and midcarpal)?
33
What are the joint characteristics of the radiocarpal joint?
34
What are the motion contributions of the radiocarpal joint?
35
What are the joint characteristics of the midcarpal joint?
36
What are the motion contributions of the midcarpal joint?
37
List extrinsic volar ligaments of the wrist
38
List extrinsic dorsal ligaments of the wrist and the healing & mechanical properties
39
List wrist intrinsic ligaments
40
What is the functional role of wrist intrinsic ligaments?
41
Explain wrist flexion
42
Explain wrist extension
43
Explain radial deviation
44
Explain ulnar deviation
45
Explain synergistic wrist muscle function
46
Explain the kinematics of wrist flexion/extension and deviation
47
Explain intercarpal motion
48
Explain intercalated segment instability
49
Explain ulnar variance
50
Explain FOOSH injuries
51
Explain overuse syndrome (wrist)
52
What is volar and dorsum of the wrist
53
Where are the palmar and dorsal interossei located?
54
How does flexion/extension of the fingers differ from the thumb?
55
Label thumb movements
56
Label
57
Label
58
Explain the mid carpal joint
59
Explain the CMC of the thumb
60
What are the main structural components of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC), and how do they function and behave during forearm rotation?
61
Explain the TFCC
62
Label and explain
63
Label
64
Explain ulnar variance
65
What is the difference between osteokinematics and arthrokinematics of the wrist?
66
What rule is applied and radiocarpal joint in flexion/extension?
67
What is the direction of roll and glide for midcarpal radial/ulnar deviation?
68
What is a common feature of all MCP joints?
69
What does the connection of the 1st MC with trapezium look like?
70
Explain thumb flexion/extension
71
Explain thumb abduction/adduction
72
Explain osteokinematics, joint geometry, and arthrokinematics for abduction/adduction and flexion/extension of the thumb
73
Explain the extensor hood
74
Label
75
Explain the expansive pulley system
76
Label
77
Explain the role of lumbrical and interosseus in the extensor hood
78
Label
79
What happens naturally to the fingers when flexing/extending the wrist?
80
Explain active digit extension
81
What is Extensor Hood Syndrome in rock climbers, what causes it, how is it treated, and what are the long-term considerations for those affected?
82
What is the best positions for the function of the wrist and hand?
(THE POSITION OF OPTIMAL FUNCTION DOES NOT MEAN THIS WILL ALLOW THE BEST POSITION OF IMMOBILIZATION AFTER WRIST/HAND INJURY. HIGHLY CONTEXT DEPENDENT)
83
What are the flexor pulleys of the fingers?
84
Explain and mention clinical relevance
85
Explain stenosing tenosynovitis
86
Define grip prehension? Why is it important?
87
Explain power grip bs precision handling
88
What types of grip would fall under power grip vs precision handling?
89
Label
90
Label
91
Explain FRIED phenotype
92
How do you screen grip for frailty?
93
What are the recommendations for assessing frailty?
94
Define Romberg’s test
95
What are the balance strategies?
96
Define symmetry, amplitude, alignment, postural control vertically, and stability
97
T/F there’s about 30 degrees of protraction available, and there is about 15-20 degrees of retraction of the clavicle available at the SC joint
F
98
(Shoulder) Motions of protraction and retraction of the clavicle at the SC joint occur in the ___ plane about the ___ axis
Transverse, vertical
99
During protraction and retraction of the clavicle at the SC jonit, the _ clavicle moves on the _ sternum.
Concave, convex
100
T/F The axis of motion for protraction and retraction occurs at the costoclavicular ligament.
T
101
Scapular protraction without any rotation would result in the glenoid fossa facing ___ and the ___
remaining in contact with the scapula.
Laterally, vertebral border
102
With true scapular protraction, the glenoid fossa will face
Anteriorly
103
T/F True scapular protraction and retraction occurs through protraction and retraction at the sternoclavicular joint. It follows the contour of the thorax by rotating internally and externally through the AC joint.
T
104
T/F Scapular protraction and retraction is a purely translatory movement.
F
105
Match the items.
a. Scapular Abduction
b. Scapular Adduction
1. Scapular Protraction
2. Scapular Retraction
1-a
2-b
106
In assessing the function of a typical shoulder complex, how much glenohumeral extension do you expect to see?
50 degrees
107
Glenohumeral abduction occurs in the ___ plane around the ___ axis. It is traditionally
measured to be 120 degrees.
Coronal, Z
108
What position of the humerus will produce the most glenohumeral joint motion availble for both flexion and abduction?
Lateral rotation
109
T/F There is typically more mobility available for medial and lateral rotation with the arm adducted by the side than with the arm abducted to 90 degrees.
F
110
How much glenohumeral flexion would you expect to see in a normally functioning shoulder complex?
120 degrees
111
Glenohumeral flexion occurs in the
___ plane about the ___ axis.
Sagittal, X
112
Medial and lateral rotation of the glenohumeral joint occurs in the ___ plane about the ___ axis.
Transverse, Y
113
Which of the following contribute to resist vagus stress in full elbow extension? Keep in ming, they all provide queal amounts of resistance. Select all that apply.
* a. Approximation of the olecranon process in the olecranon fossa
* b. Anterior joint capsule
* c. Lateral collateral ligament complex
* d. Overlay of the flexor carpi ulnaris and pronator teres on the anterior bundle of the medial collateral ligament
* e. Medial collateral ligament
A, B, D, E
114
Which structures provide resistance to varus stresses in full extension? Select all that apply
* a. Approximation of the olecranon process in the olecranon fossa
* b. Joint capsule
* c. Lateral collateral ligament complex
* d. Medial collateral ligament complex
* e. Overlay of the flexor carpi ulnaris and pronator teres over the anterior bundle of the medial collateral ligament
A, B, C
115
In 90 degrees of flexion, the anterior part of the medial collateral ligament provides the primary resistance for both ___ and ___ stress.
Distraction, Valgus
116
T/F The majority of the resistance to varus stress when the elbow is flexed to 90 degrees is provided by the lateral collateral ligament complex and the joint capsule.
F
117
What structure provides the majority of the resistance to anterior displacement of the distal humerus out of the trochlear notch?
Anterior joint capsule
118
What is the closed-packed position of the humeroulnar joint?
Full extension
119
The ___ of the biceps arises as a thick, flat tendon from the coracoid process of the scapula, and the ___ arises as a long, narrow tendon from the scapula's supraglenoid
tubercle.
Short head, long head
120
At which point along the humerus do the heads of the biceps joint?
Middle
121
T/F The joint capsule attaches to the posterior aspect of the radius at the annular ligament.
F
122
T/F The joint capsule is continuous medially and laterally with the flexor and extensor muscle wads.
F
123
The posterior capsule is attached to the humerus along the __
* a. Lateral epicondyle
* b. Medial epicondyle
* c. Olecranon fossa
B, C
124
The anterior, distal joint capsule attaches to the margin of the
___ and blends with the proximal border of the ___
Coronoid process, annular ligament
125
Wrist flexion/extension occurs around a
___ axis in the ___ plane.
Coronal, sagittal
126
Match the following osteokinematic movements to the corresponding wrist nomenclature.
a. Dorsiflexion
b. Ulnar deviation
c. Radial deviation
d. Volar flexion
Palmar flexion
1. Flexion
2. Extension
3. Abduction
4. Adduction
1-d
2-a
3-c
4-b
127
Wrist ulnar/radial deviation occurs around a(n)
___ axis in the ___
plane.
Anterior-posterior, coronal
128
Match the following osteokinematic movements to the appropriate normal range values.
a. 20-45 degrees
b. 60-85 degrees
c. 65-85 degrees
d. 15-21 degrees
1. Flexion
2. Extension
3. Radial deviation
4. Ulnar deviation
1-c
2-b
3-d
4-a
