week 6

Question 1

Functions of the Lower Extremity (LE)

Answer 1

 Enable an upright posture
 Maintain equilibrium
 Maintain stand and sitting balance
 Provide support for the weight of the body
 Promote locomotion (gait)
 Shock absorption during walking and running
 Assist in pushing up off the ground

Question 2

Role of Occupational Therapy and the LE

Answer 2

 Transfer training
 Standing and sitting balance
 Safety
 Use of adaptive equipment
 Transitional movements
ADL and IADL

Question 3

Motions of the Pelvis

Answer 3

appendicular skeleton.
 influences posture, sitting balance, and establishes stability for reaching with the upper
extremity (UE).
 influences
posture and curvature of the spine in standing, provides stabilization needed for standing balance, and enables mobility to allow for movement of the LE as in gait.

Question 4

Motions of the Pelvis

Answer 4

 Anterior pelvic tilt
 Posterior pelvic tilt
 Right and left lateral tilt
 Right and left forward or backward rotation

Question 5

Motions of the Hip

Answer 5

 Hip flexion
 Hip extension/Hyperextension
 Hip abduction
 Hip adduction
 Hip external rotation
 Hip internal rotation

Question 6

Motions of the Knee:

Answer 6

 Knee flexion
 Knee extension

Question 7

Motions of the Ankle:

Answer 7

 Dorsiflexion
 Plantarflexion
 Inversion
 Eversion

Question 8

Observational gait analysis can

Answer 8

 Reflect distance traveled
 Identify the absence or presence of common characteristics of gait
 Ensure safety, prevent injury, reinforce carryover of physical
therapy treatment, and facilitate progress toward

Question 9

Gait patterns have been broken down into common components
called the gait cycle.

Answer 9

 Two phases
 Stance phase
 Swing phase

Question 10

The phases of the stance phase (Rancho Los Amigos terminology)

Answer 10

1. Initial Contact (Heel strike)
2. Loading Response (Foot flat)
3. Midstance
4. Terminal Stance (Heel off)
5. Preswing (Toe off)

Question 11

Stance Phase

Answer 11

 The leg is in contact with the ground
 Accounts for 60% of the gait cycle

Question 12

The traditional phases of the swing phase include

Answer 12

1. Initial Swing (Acceleration)
2. Midswing
3. Terminal Swing (Deceleration)

Question 13

Swing Phase

Answer 13

 Occurs when the foot leaves the ground but before it comes in
contact with the ground again
 Accounts for 40% of the gait cycle

Question 14

Occupation-Based Mobility:
The Visual Observation of Gait

Answer 14

 Single support describes the part of the gait cycle when only one leg is in contact with the ground.
 Double support describes when both legs are in contact with the ground during ambulation

Question 15

Common Problems of the Lower Extremity

Answer 15

 Foot drop is a common disorder in neurological conditions
 neurological damage