week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

sensory memory (SM)

A

to create coherent perception
- very brief

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2
Q

persistence of vision

A

the continued perception of a visual stimulus after it is no longer present

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3
Q

sperling’s experiment

A
  • whole report method: report as many letter that were shown (4,5/12)
  • partial report method: letter in a single 4 letter row and high, medium and low pitched noise after the letters were shown (3,3/4)
  • delayed partial report method: same as before, but with a delayed tone (1/4)
    –> conclusion: SM registers almost of the information but decays
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4
Q

ionic memory/visual icon

A

brief sensory memory for visual stimuli

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5
Q

echoic memory

A

the persistence of sound

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6
Q

short term memory (STM)

A

stores small amount for a brief period (4-7 items)

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7
Q

digit span

A

the number of digits a person can remember

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8
Q

change detection

A

determine what has changed between 2 pictures

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9
Q

chunking

A

small units –> larger meaningful units
–> increases our ability to hold information in the STM

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10
Q

semantic code

A

based on one word in chunking

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11
Q

long term memory (LTM)

A
  • a network that links concepts in memory
  • retrieving one thing –> triggers other
  • some connections are stronger than others
  • incomplete retrieval –> if you can not access a concept but retrieve others (tip-of-the-tongue)
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12
Q

declaritive (explicit)

A

memories that can be consciously accessed and be declared
- episodic
- semantic

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13
Q

non-declaritive (implicit)

A

memories that cannot be consciously accessed
- procedural: skills
- perceptual representation system: perceptual priming
- classical conditioning
- non-associative learning: habituation sensitization

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14
Q

amnesia

A

memory loss

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15
Q

anterograde amnesia

A

inability to form new memories

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16
Q

retrograde amnesia

A

inability to retrieve memories from the past

17
Q

HM

A

surgically removal of hippocampus areas to alleviate epilepsy –> complete anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia

18
Q

hippocampus

A
  • encoding information into declarative LTM
19
Q

effective rehearsal strategies

A
  • spacing (time between practice)
  • elaborative rehearsal: meaningful rehearsing
  • creating visual images
    optimize retrieval:
  • retrieval context is similar to encoding context
  • test yourself
20
Q

mnemonic devices

A
  • categorical dusting
  • interactive images
  • pegword system
  • method of loci
  • acronym
  • acrostic
  • keyword system
21
Q

categorical dusting

A

organize a list of items

22
Q

interactive images

A

link the isolated words

23
Q

legword system

A

association and form an interactive image

24
Q

method of loci

A

link landmarks to items

25
Q

acronym

A

a word of 1st letter of words

26
Q

acrostic

A

form a sentence

27
Q

keyword system

A

link the sound of the words to familiar words

28
Q

attentional blink

A

participant usually miss the second target that looks different

29
Q

lateral intra parietal area (LIP)

A

responds to external sensory stimuli and motor response
- salience map

30
Q

salience map

A

where only the location of the most behaviorally relevant stimuli are encoded