Week 5 Readings - Curry et al. (2011) and Gupta, Aroni, and Teede (2017) Flashcards
What was the aim of Curry et al. 2011?
To understand the factors that distinguished top 5% and bottom 5% performing US hospitals from each other in terms of their AMI (acute myocardial infarction) response outcomes (RSMR - risk standardised mortality rate)
What was the method of Curry et al. 2011?
There were in-depth interviews conducted (and site visits).
- 14 interviews per hospital, 1h each, audiotaped, professionally transcribed
- interviewers were experienced, were from health, nursing, medicine, or social work/organisational psych
What were the findings of Curry?
The largest difference between high and low performing hospitals were in their:
- organizational values and goals
- senior management involvement
- broad staff presence and expertise in AMI care
- communication and coordination among groups
- problem solving and learning
Evidence-based protocols and processes such as rapid response teams, clinical guidelines, etc. did not systematically differentiate high and low performing hospitals.
What was the aim of Gupta, Aroni, and Teede?
To compare perceptions, barriers, and enablers of physical activity between Anglo-Australians and South Asians with type 2 diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD), with the background that South Asians have lower levels of physical activities than Anglo-Australians
What was the method of Gupta, Aroni, and Teede?
in-depth, audio-recorded, semi-structured interviews
- 45 min to 2 hours
Underpinning theory: symbolic interactionism (focusing on shared social interactions, where subjective meanings are given primacy)
What was the sampling method of Gupta, Aroni, and Teede?
maximum variation sampling (a form of purposive sampling - this is heterogenous
South Asian group
- recruited from community groups, religious groups, senior citizens groups, and South Asian grocery stores
Anglo-Australian group = comparator group
Both from flyers in lots of places ie hospitals, universities, health clinics,
~Equal male female ratio
What is an iterative approach?
= the practice of building, refining, and improving a project, product, or initiative.
one where the content of the discussion, stimulus, or sometimes even the methodology is adapted over the course of the research programme.
Observations from Gupta, Aroni, Teede
- Both groups knew of the value of physical activity in health & disease management
- Wanted more specific and culturally tailored advice about how to enact this
- Members aspiring to meet cultural norms about engaging in exercise
- Individual personal exercise deemed important by Anglo-Australians whereas South Asians preferred family-based physical activity
Others from discussion but probably not essential to remember all:
- Exercise was defined and done differently between groups, ie South Asians would do unplanned exercise more, Anglo-Australians would plan exercise
- In this group, a strong belief was expressed that Anglo- Australians as a cultural group were more socially engaged with physical activity and that exercise and sport were a norm among “Australians” instilled from childhood
- Anglo-Australian participants made little comment about other cultural groups, including migrant groups. They focused on their own cultural group rather than referring to a society composed of different ethnic groups
- local neighborhood parks and facilities were conducive to physical activity
- Both South Asians and Anglo-Australians in our study highlighted long working hours as a barrier to being physically active due to lack of time
Strengths and limitations of insider interviews - Gupta, Aroni, Teede
Strengths:
it facilitated development of rap- port and trust between the researcher and the South Asian interviewees
Limitations:
the researcher will assume identical understanding when it may not be there
based on this assumption of shared understanding, important questions might not be asked
