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KNPE 335 > Week 5 > Flashcards

Week 5 Flashcards

1
Q

social healthy aging (WHO)

A

a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

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2
Q

what should social healthy aging include?

A
  1. adequate and well-functioning social relationships
  2. adequate social support
  3. little or no social strain
  4. some social participation
  5. social inclusion in ones society
  6. strong and well-functioning social networks
  7. sexuality as one may desire
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3
Q

key dimensions of social well-being

A
  1. presence and quality of social relationships
  2. social networks
  3. social participation
  4. social isolation
  5. sexuality
  6. social support
  7. social strain
  8. social environment
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4
Q

social ecological model

A
  1. policy
  2. community
  3. institutional
  4. interpersonal
  5. individual
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5
Q

social ecological model - individual and interpersonal factors (micro)

A
  1. immediate family, friends and community significantly shape aging and health
  2. supportive social connections
  3. need for belonging and reciprocity with others
  4. family context experiences during early years of ones life has significant influence on later-life experiences and health
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6
Q

what is loneliness influenced by?

A
  1. social network size
  2. social interaction frequency
  3. number of relationships
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7
Q

social ecological model - institutional and community (meso)

A
  1. neighbourhood and built environments, healthcare and educational organizations exert influence on older adults health experiences
  2. physical environment (housing, transport, access to healthy food, exercise opportunities) also effect
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8
Q

how are institutional and community factors improved?

A
  1. collaborative leadership
  2. cooperation across sectors
  3. age-friendly communities
  4. top-down approaches
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9
Q

social ecological model - policy, cultural, structural factors (macro)

A
  1. cultural health beliefs, policies and environmental characteristics of a region have profound influence over aging experience and health
  2. political factors shape socioeconomic determinants of health and can reduce health disparities
  3. decisions people make, capacity to cope with progression of disease, and effects of medical interventions are all influences by societal cultural values and norms
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10
Q

social ties in later life

A

older adults tend to have fewer social partners than younger adults

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11
Q

the socioemotional selectivity theory

A

older adults prioritize emotional fulfillment over expanding social networks
- explains progression of social networks while aging

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12
Q

what does the socioeconomic selectivity theory entail?

A
  1. proportion of emotional material recalled increases with age (older adults have greater emotional response)
  2. older adults have fewer social partners cause they want to spend time with people they care about most
    - doesn’t mean anti-social - just don’t have time to waste and are more risk-adverse
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13
Q

the disengagement theory

A

disengagement or mutual withdrawal between the ageing person and society in anticipation of death
- decrease activity levels and interact less frequently
- society frees older adults from employment and family’s responsibilities at the same time

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14
Q

social issues of aging and psychological health

A
  1. social isolation
  2. social support
  3. social connection
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15
Q

social connection

A
  1. key pillar of of lifestyle medicine and essential for human health
  2. decreases depressive symptoms, PTSD, and improves overall mental health
  3. counseling on social connection can add both years to life and enhance well-being
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16
Q

strong social support

A

improves physical health outcomes (BMI, blood sugar, cancer survival, cardiovascular health)

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16
Q

retirement and aging

A

shown to be positively and negatively associated with mental health
- very complex

17
Q

involuntary retirement

A

overall increases the possibility of loneliness, isolation and mental disorders

18
Q

prevalence of psychiatric illness with retirement

A

43% of early retirements among working individual s

19
Q

naturally occurring retirement communities (NORCs)

A

unplanned communities that have high proportion of older residents, and may be critical to finding housing solutions for aging Canadians

20
Q

NORC buildings

A
  1. apartments
  2. condos
  3. co-ops with 30% or more older adults (65+)
21
Q

family and friends social roles

A
  1. multiple social roles = self-efficacy and life satisfactions
  2. social worth = improved overall health and survival
  3. strong social roles = reduced rates of death, social isolation and loneliness
22
Q

family and friends and aging

A

older adults with strong ties to family and friends are more likely to retain independence, sense of meaning and purpose in life, and effective physical and psychological functioning longer

23
Q

what effect does fulfilling multiple social roles have?

A

linked to higher life satisfaction and feelings of self-efficacy
(worker, spouse, caregiver, grandparent, etc.)

24
Q

social worth

A

having a sense of social worth is important for health and survival
- study showed reduced rates of death when perceived themselves as useful to others or were involved in giving social support

25
Q

challenges affecting social networks and relationships

A
  1. changes in family dynamics
  2. illnesses
  3. retirement
  4. admission to LTC
  5. death of a spouse
  6. change in income
26
Q

marital loss and self-perception

A

those who experienced marital loss have lower positive self-perceptions of aging than those who remained marred

27
Q

men and marial status

A

men who were continuously married,
continuously widowed, or became married between the waves were more likely to age successfully than their never-married counterparts

28
Q

unique caregiving demands increasing risk of health issues

A
  1. financial hardship
  2. organizing LTC placement for their spouse
  3. navigating familial tensions
29
Q

LTC residents and relationships

A

maintaining physical and emotional contact is imperative for LTC residents and their spouses relationship

30
Q

elder abuse

A

often perpetrated by family members
- includes physical, sexual, emotional, and financial abuse

31
Q

prevalence of elder abuse

A

1/3 (32%) of seniors were victimized by a family member
- 8% higher in 2019 from previous year
- 19% increase overall between 2009-2019
- 31% increase for non-family violence between 2009-2019

32
Q

social media and aging

A

social media is associated with negative mental health outcomes including poorer mental health for older adults
- BUT digital inclusion is important if used properly

33
Q

social media and aging barriers

A
  1. lack of instructions/knowledge
  2. confidence
  3. financial
  4. health abilities
  5. trust
34
Q

social media and aging motivated by…

A
  1. social (and medical) support
  2. enjoyment and fun
  3. personal empowerment
  4. advocacy
  5. bridging generational gaps
35
Q

telehealth programs

A
  • most elderly still do in-person meetings
  • for mental health they do more video meetings or over the phone
36
Q

kingston- sunshine call program

A

goal is to reach socially isolated seniors and help them build new social networks

37
Q

social connections and stress model

A

highlighting the general pathways from social connection to physical health outcomes

38
Q

social prescription and use of technology

A

combat social isolation

39
Q

social connection structure

A

the connection to others via the existence of relationships and their roles (marital status, living alone, network size, etc.)

40
Q

social connection functions

A

a sense of connection that results from actual or perceived support or inclusion (perceived or received social support)

41
Q

social connection quality

A

sense of connection to others that is based on positive and negative qualities (relationship satisfaction, strain, etc.)

KNPE 335 (9 decks)

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