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PSYCH > Week 5 > Flashcards

Week 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychoactive Substance

A

Chemical that acts on the central nervous system where it affects brain function - altering an individuals emotions, perceptions or thoughts

  • cocaine, heroine, amphetamines, nicotine, caffeine, alcohol, prescription
  • paint thinner, fuel, antifreeze if intentionally consumed for euphoria
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2
Q

Substance Use Disorders

A

Category of Substance-Related Disorder

  • Substance Dependence
  • Substance Abuse
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3
Q

Substance Induced Disorders

A

Category of Substance-Related Disorder

  • Substance Intoxication
  • Substance Withdrawal

Temporary states, in order to receive this diagnosis, the individual must be in these temporary states during assessment

Must be experiencing CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT harmful/negative behavioural effects or psychological effects.

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4
Q

Substance Dependence

A

Within SUB-USE DISORDERS

repeated pattern of use resulting in

  • tolerance
  • withdraw
  • cravings
  • want to “cut back” but can’t
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5
Q

Substance Abuse

A

Within SUB-USE DISORDERS

Must meet 1 of the 4 criteria:

  • Repeated use is causing MISSING important obligations - skipping school, missing work
  • Repeated use is putting individual in dangerous situations - drinking & driving
  • Repeated use is causing legal problems - possession or arrested for public intoxication
  • Continued use is causing problems in personal relationships - maybe about the frequency of use
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6
Q

Substance Intoxication

A

Within the SUB-INDUCED DISORDERS

Experiencing clinically significant harmful/negative behavioural changes or psychological effects while under the influence of psychoactive drugs.F

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7
Q

Substance Withdrawal

A

Within the SUB-INDUCED DISORDERS

Experiencing clinically significant harmful/negative behavioural changes or psychological effects due to recently stopping the prolonged use of psychoactive drugs.

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8
Q

Schizophrenia Symptoms POSITIVE

A

Positive = presence

you get something from the disease

So Positive Symptoms is over-functioning (excess or distortion) of a normal function

  • delusions
  • hallucinations
  • unwanted thoughts
  • disorganized catatonic behaviour
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9
Q

Schizophrenia Symptoms NEGATIVE

A

Negative = absence

you lose something from the disease

So Negative Symptoms is loss of function (diminution) of a normal function

  • flattened affect
  • slow speech
  • slow movement
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10
Q

Schizophrenia

A
  • a psychological disorder
  • symptoms lasting 6 months
  • 1 month of active phase symptom
  • 5 different types of schizophrenia
  • must have 2 of these following symptoms

symptoms are:

  • hallucinations
  • delusions
  • disorganized speech
  • grossly disorganized or catatonic behaviour
  • negative symptoms (flattened affect - slow speech & movement)
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11
Q

Exception to the rule of 2 symptoms

A
  • bizarre delusions
  • commentary of life hallucinations
  • 2 or more voices conversing
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12
Q

Schizophreniform Disorder

A

Type of Schizophrenia

  • experiencing symptoms of schizophrenia
  • lasting 1-6 months only
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13
Q

Schizoaffective Disorder

A

Type of Schizophrenia

  • experiencing symptoms of schizophrenia
  • while also experiencing a mood episode (major depression)
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14
Q

Symptom: Catatonic Behaviour

A

Neurological motor control not functioning

- individual may sit still not moving for a long period of time

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15
Q

Symptom: Bizarre Delusions

A

Classified as delusions that are not possible of actually happening

  • thinking you are Jesus Christ
  • thinking you have control over others’ thoughts
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16
Q

Other Psychotic Disorders

A
  • Delusional Disorder
  • Brief Psychotic Disorder
  • Shared Psychotic Disorder
  • Substance Induced Disorder
17
Q

Delusional Disorder

A

Experiencing non bizarre delusions

18
Q

Brief Psychotic Disorder

A

Symptoms of psychotic episodes lasting from 1 day-1 month

19
Q

Shared Psychotic Disorder

A

When someone you are close to is affected my psychotic disorder and you start experiencing psychotic episode symptoms.

20
Q

Substance Induced Disorder

A

The psychoactive symptoms are a direct result of taking psychoactive drugs or exposure to a toxin.

21
Q

Diathesis

A

An individual’s vulnerability, tendency or predisposition.

22
Q

Mood Disorders

A
  • Major Depression Disorder
  • Dysthymic Disorder
  • Bipolar I Disorder
  • Bipolar II Disorder
  • Cyclothymic Disorder
23
Q

Major Depression Disorder

A
  • intense depressed mood
  • loss of enjoyment of activities
  • lasting at least 2 weeks
  • has at least 4 severe symptoms

severe symptoms are:

  • suicidality
  • sleep disturbance
  • appetite disturbance
  • loss of concentration
  • loss of energy
  • worthlessness
24
Q

Dysthymic Disorder

A
  • chronic depressed mood
  • lasting at least 2 years
  • no severe symptoms (so not major depression)
25
Q

Bipolar I Disorder - Manic Episode

A

Period of abnormally “elevated” behaviour lasting at least one week and has 3 of either

  • feelings of grandiosity
  • decreased need for sleep
  • racing thoughts
  • pressured speech (rapid, loud, chatty)
26
Q

Bipolar I Disorder

A

A manic episode alternated with a major depressive episode
( at least 1 manic : 1 depressive)

OR

Mixed episodes: mood rapidly fluctuates between periods of sadness and euphoria

27
Q

Bipolar II Disorder - Hypomanic Episode

A

Period of abnormal “elevated” behaviour lasting 4 days or less ONLY and has 3 of either

  • feelings of grandiosity
  • decreased need for sleep
  • racing thoughts
  • pressured speech (loud, rapid and chatty)
28
Q

Bipolar II Disorder

A

A hypomanic episode alternated with a major depressive episode (at least 1:1)

29
Q

Cyclothymic Disorder

A
  • at least 2 years of cycling between mild manic episodes and mild depression.

Hypomania & depression back and forth instead of full blown mania and full blown major depression.

Do not experience hypomania severely enough to be considered a manic episode.

30
Q

Double Depression

A

Dysthymia is less severe than major depressive disorder but much more chronic. If you experience a period of major depression while you have dysthymia disorder it is known as double depression.

31
Q

(SAD) Seasonal Affective Disorder

A

In the northern hemisphere this occurs during DEC-MAR winter months.

  • sleep too much
  • eat too much
  • problems with the biological clock/circadian rhythms

Serotonin may be responsible since it regulates sleep cycles, appetite and energy.

32
Q

Cognitive-Behavioral contributions to depression

A

Negative attitude/outlook on life may not be only a symptom, it may also be one of the causes.

33
Q

Hallucinations

A

False perceptions of reality (hearing/seeing voices/people)

34
Q

Delusions

A

False beliefs about reality.

PSYCH (15 decks)

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