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PSYCH > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Biopychosocial Model

A

The study of biological processes, psychology and sociocultural factors in one model so that we cover all aspects of explaining human behaviour.

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2
Q

Critical Thinking

A

Curiosity and Skepticism when evaluating the claims of others, using our own assumptions and beliefs.

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3
Q

Hypothesis

A

A testable prediction that can be observed and measured.

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4
Q

Pseudoscience

A

Presented as science but no scientific thinking or testing/procedure.

Example: Astronomy

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5
Q

Psychology

A

Scientific study of

BEHAVIOUR
THOUGHT
EXPERIENCE

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6
Q

Scientific Literacy

A

1) Gathering knowledge
2) Explaining it
3) Using critical thinking
4) Applying the info

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7
Q

Scientific Method

A 
Hypothesis
Testing
Confirm or Reject
Make a new hypothesis or modify
Confirm and Strengthen Theory
Use theory to make a prediction
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8
Q

Theory

A

Explanation for a broad range of observations.

Used to make new predictions.

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9
Q

Empiricism

A

Doctrine: Knowledge comes from experience.

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10
Q

Determinism

A

Doctrine: All events are governed by lawful, cause-and-effect relationships.

Ex: Do we have control over our own actions?

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11
Q

Zeitgeist

A

General set of beliefs during a particular time in history.

German translation “spirit of the times”

Used to explain why it took 1800’s for psychology to be recognized as a worth while science.

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12
Q

Materialism

A

Belief that humans and other living things are ONLY composed of physical matter.

No self-conscious, no self-controlling soul.

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13
Q

Dualism

A

Belief that there are properties of humans that are not material.

Having a mind or soul separate from body.

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14
Q

Psychophysics

A

Study of the physical world vs. the mental representation of the physical world

1850 GUSTAV FECHNER

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15
Q

Clinical Psychology

A

Field of Psych that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders.

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16
Q

Phrenology

A

Belief that mental capacities and personalities could be measured by the contours, bumps and ridges on the surface of the brain

MID 1800’s GALL & SPURZHEIM

17
Q

Psychoanalysis

A

Approach that tries to explain how behaviour and personality are influenced by the unconscious processes.

1850-1900 SIGMUND FREUD

18
Q

Nature vs Nurture

A

Inquiry into how hereditary (nature) and environment (nurture) influence behaviour and mental processes.

1885 GALTON & eugenics (good genes) belief that only white intelligent gene pools should be procreating.

19
Q

Structuralism

A

Attempt to analyze conscious experience by breaking it up into parts and understanding how the parts work together.

1979 WILHELM WUNDT / TITCHENER

20
Q

Functionalism

A

Study of purpose and function of behaviour and conscious experience.

Influenced by Darwin’s theory of evolution.

1890 WILLIAM JAMES

21
Q

Behaviourism

A

Study of 20th century psychology that only looked at observable behaviour. No mental events or instincts that may influence behaviour.

1900’s TWITMEYER

22
Q

Humanistic Psychology

A

Focuses on the unique aspects of each individual human, each person’s freedom to act on his own rationale and the belief that humans are fundamentally different than other animals.

1950 CARL ROGERS / ABRAHAM MASLOW

23
Q

Cognitive Psychology

A

Focuses on memory, thinking, language. Rigorous experimentation is needed so we can infer what mental processes are occurring.

24
Q

Gestalt Psychology

A

Focuses on the WHOLE of perception and experience rather than it’s parts.

German translation: complete form of an object

25
Q

Applied Psychology

A 
Using psychological knowledge to address problems and issues in various settings
law
education
business
clinical psych
26
Q

Psychiatry

A

Branch of medicine that concerns the treatment of mental and behavioural disorders.

A Medical Doctor.

27
Q

Forensic Psychology

A

Work in the criminal justice system including interactions with the legal system and it’s professionals.

Think: The Departed lady

28
Q

School Psychology

A

Working with students who have special needs
emotional
academic
social problems.

29
Q

Health Psychology aka Behavioural Medicine

A

Studying of how individual, biological, environmental factors affect physical health.

30
Q

I/O Psychology

A

Industrial / Organizational

Work for a business or organization to improve employee productivity or the organizational structure of the business.

31
Q

Human Factor Psychology

A

Study of how people react with physical space or products. Human to computer interaction to develop user friendly interfaces.

PSYCH (15 decks)

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