Week 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What is an arrhythmia?

A

Abnormal rhythm of the heart

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2
Q

What are arrhythmias formed by?

A

CHD, Stress, Coffee,

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3
Q

What is AF Atrial fibrillation?

A

It is the most common arrhythmia, it is a sustained arrhythmia

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4
Q

What other problems is AF associated with?

A

Stroke and Heart Failure

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5
Q

Shorter the QT interval?

A

Faster heartbeat

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6
Q

How do we know if a patient has Arrhythmia?

A

Breathlessness, fatigue, palpitations, falls, blackouts, chest pain, death but some people have no signs

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7
Q

How to diagnose Arrhythmias?

A

ECG at rest or over 24 hours,

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8
Q

What is tachyarrhythmia?

A

Rapid heart beat

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9
Q

What is bradyarrhythmia?

A

Heart beating too slowly

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10
Q

What drugs are given to people with Arrhythmias?

A

Beta-blockers or non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, or digoxin

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11
Q

How does amiodarone work?

A

Slows how quickly the heart contracts

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12
Q

amiodarone side effects?

A

Thyroid dysfunction, pulmonary toxicity, liver dysfunction, ocular effects, neurotoxicity, metallic taste in mouth

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13
Q

What are some non-drug treatment options?

A

Pacemakers, Cardiac defibrillators, cardioversion,

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14
Q

what is cardioversion?

A

Drugs and electro-stimuli to shock the heart to get it back to beating normal rhythm

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15
Q

What system do anticoagulants work in?

A

Venous

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16
Q

What system do antiplatelets work in?

17
Q

how do anticoagulants work?

A

They prevent blood clots

18
Q

What are some practice points for anticoagulants?

A

Patients how to watch for signs of bleeding, must stop anticoagulants before surgery,

19
Q

How does Warfarin work?

A

It stops vitamin K and the synthesis of the clotting factors

20
Q

How does heparin work?

A

It inhibits both thrombin and factor Xa

21
Q

Is warfarin an anticoagulant or antiplatelet?

A

Anticoagulants

22
Q

Is heparin an anticoagulant or an antiplatelet?

A

Anticoagulants

23
Q

How is heparin administered?

A

As an injection

24
Q

How do Factor 10A work?

A

They inhibit 10A

25
What do Factor 10A drugs end in?
aban
26
How do antiplatelets work?
They inhibit the ability of platelets to stick together
27
How does aspirin work?
It permanently inhibites the COX therefore the platelets can't stick together
28
Adverse reactions for aspirin?
Gastric upset, GI bleeds, ulcers, severe skin reactions and hemorrhages
29
How does clopidogrel work?
It binds to the platelets ADP receptor and permanently stops platelet aggregation
29
How does clopidogrel work?
It binds to the platelets ADP receptor and permanently stops platelet aggregation
30
How does dypirimadole work?
Stops platelet function