Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

General Psychology (PSY-121) > [Week 4] Sensation and Perception > Flashcards

[Week 4] Sensation and Perception Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Absolute threshold

A

The smallest amount of stimulation needed for detection by a sense.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Agnosia

A

Loss of the ability to perceive stimuli.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Anosmia

A

Loss of the ability to smell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Audition

A

Ability to process auditory stimuli. Also called hearing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Auditory canal

A

Tube running from the outer ear to the middle ear.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Auditory hair cells

A

Receptors in the cochlea that transduce sound into electrical potentials.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Binocular disparity

A

Difference is images processed by the left and right eyes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Binocular vision

A

Our ability to perceive 3D and depth because of the difference between the images on each of our retinas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bottom-up processing

A

Building up to perceptual experience from individual pieces.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chemical senses

A

Our ability to process the environmental stimuli of smell and taste.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cochlea

A

Spiral bone structure in the inner ear containing auditory hair cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cones

A

Photoreceptors of the retina sensitive to color. Located primarily in the fovea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Dark adaptation

A

Adjustment of eye to low levels of light.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Differential threshold (or difference threshold)

A

The smallest difference needed in order to differentiate two stimuli. (See Just Noticeable Difference (JND))

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dorsal pathway

A

Pathway of visual processing. The “where” pathway.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Flavor

A

The combination of smell and taste.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Gustation

A

Ability to process gustatory stimuli. Also called taste.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Just noticeable difference (JND)

A

The smallest difference needed in order to differentiate two stimuli. (see Differential Threshold)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Light adaptation

A

Adjustment of eye to high levels of light.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Mechanoreceptors

A

Mechanical sensory receptors in the skin that response to tactile stimulation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Multimodal perception

A

The effects that concurrent stimulation in more than one sensory modality has on the perception of events and objects in the world.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Nociception

A

Our ability to sense pain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Odorants

A

Chemicals transduced by olfactory receptors.

24
Q

Olfaction

A

Ability to process olfactory stimuli. Also called smell.

25
Q

Olfactory epithelium

A

Organ containing olfactory receptors.

26
Q

Opponent-process theory

A

Theory proposing color vision as influenced by cells responsive to pairs of colors.

27
Q

Ossicles

A

A collection of three small bones in the middle ear that vibrate against the tympanic membrane.

28
Q

Perception

A

The psychological process of interpreting sensory information.

29
Q

Phantom limb

A

The perception that a missing limb still exists.

30
Q

Phantom limb pain

A

Pain in a limb that no longer exists.

31
Q

Pinna

A

Outermost portion of the ear.

32
Q

Primary auditory cortex

A

Area of the cortex involved in processing auditory stimuli.

33
Q

Primary somatosensory cortex

A

Area of the cortex involved in processing somatosensory stimuli.

34
Q

Primary visual cortex

A

Area of the cortex involved in processing visual stimuli.

35
Q

Principle of inverse effectiveness

A

The finding that, in general, for a multimodal stimulus, if the response to each unimodal component (on its own) is weak, then the opportunity for multisensory enhancement is very large. However, if one component—by itself—is sufficient to evoke a strong response, then the effect on the response gained by simultaneously processing the other components of the stimulus will be relatively small.

36
Q

Retina

A

Cell layer in the back of the eye containing photoreceptors.

37
Q

Rods

A

Photoreceptors of the retina sensitive to low levels of light. Located around the fovea.

38
Q

Sensation

A

The physical processing of environmental stimuli by the sense organs.

39
Q

Sensory adaptation

A

Decrease in sensitivity of a receptor to a stimulus after constant stimulation.

40
Q

Shape theory of olfaction

A

Theory proposing that odorants of different size and shape correspond to different smells.

41
Q

Signal detection

A

Method for studying the ability to correctly identify sensory stimuli.

42
Q

Somatosensation

A

Ability to sense touch, pain and temperature.

43
Q

Somatotopic map

A

Organization of the primary somatosensory cortex maintaining a representation of the arrangement of the body.

44
Q

Sound waves

A

Changes in air pressure. The physical stimulus for audition.

45
Q

Superadditive effect of multisensory integration

A

The finding that responses to multimodal stimuli are typically greater than the sum of the independent responses to each unimodal component if it were presented on its own.

46
Q

Tastants

A

Chemicals transduced by taste receptor cells.

47
Q

Taste receptor cells

A

Receptors that transduce gustatory information.

48
Q

Top-down processing

A

Experience influencing the perception of stimuli.

49
Q

Transduction

A

The conversion of one form of energy into another.

50
Q

Trichromatic theory

A

Theory proposing color vision as influenced by three different cones responding preferentially to red, green and blue.

51
Q

Tympanic membrane

A

Thin, stretched membrane in the middle ear that vibrates in response to sound. Also called the eardrum.

52
Q

Ventral pathway

A

Pathway of visual processing. The “what” pathway.

53
Q

Vestibular system

A

Parts of the inner ear involved in balance.

54
Q

Weber’s law

A

States that just noticeable difference is proportional to the magnitude of the initial stimulus.

55
Q

amplitude

A

encoded as loudness or intensity

56
Q

frequency

A

pitch of a sound wave

General Psychology (PSY-121) (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions