Week 4: Infections Flashcards
What is the PROCESS of infection? (6 steps)
- Encounter
- Transmission
- Colonization
- Invasion or penetration
- Dissemination
- Cellular or Tissue Damage
Process of Infection: Two types of transmission
- Direct transmission/contact
- Indirect transmission
Process of Infection: Colonization
Ability to survive and multiply in the human environment
Process of Infection: Invasion or penetration
Ability to cross surface barriers
Process of Infection: Dissemination
Spread of infection
Process of Infection: Cellular or tissue damage
Directly by production of toxins
Indirectly as result of immune response
What are the STAGES of infection?
- Incubation
- Prodromal Stage
- Invasion or Acute Illness Period
- Convalescence
Stage of infection: Incubation period
From initial exposure to onset of first symptoms
Pathogens undergoing initial colonization
Stage of infection: Prodromal period
Occurrence of initial symptoms (often mild)
Pathogens continue to multiply
Stage of infection: Invasion or acute illness period
Immune and inflammatory responses triggered
Pathogens multiplying rapidly and invading farther
Stage of infection: Convalescence
Usually immune and inflammation systems remove pathogens and symptoms decline
Stage of infection: Convalescence - Alternative
Disease is fatal
Disease enters latency phase
What is a common cause of disease?
Bacteria
Two types of bacteria:
- Gram positive
- Gram negative
Mycoses
Diseases caused by fungi
Fungal Infection
