Week 4: Hematology overview Flashcards
Where does leukemia start?
starts in bone marrow, can spread to blood and nodes
Where does lymphoma start?
starts in lymph nodes, can spread to blood, marrow
Can leukemia be from myeloid of lymphoid origin?
both
What are clinical features of acute leukemia?
Sudden onset, symptoms of BM failure (fatigue, infections, bleeding), bone pain, organ infiltration
Acute myeloid leukemia
Malignant proliferation of myeloid blasts in blood and BM, 20% CUTOFF FOR DIAGNOSIS, many subtimes, bad prognosis
What are classifications for AML?
genetic abnormalities, FLT-3 mutation, multilinage dysplasia, therapy-related, not otherwise classified
What are genetic mutations of AML?
Good: t(8;21), inv(16), t(15;17), Bad: 11q23
What is a diagnostic finding of AML M3?
Faggot cells (lots of auer rods)
What is a finding of myeloid origin?
auer rods
What is a classic finding of AML M4?
gum involvement of the mouth
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Malignant proliferation of lymphoid blasts in blood, BM, classified by immunophenotype (B vs. T), more common in children, prognosis often good
What is proliferating the most in CML?
neutrophils
What is proliferating the most in polycythemia vera?
red cells
What is proliferating the most in essential thrombocytopenia?
platelets
What is proliferating the most in myelofibrosis?
everything