Week 4 Clinical Relevance Flashcards
Presentation of gallstones
incidental finding
biliary colic
cholecystitis
mucocele gallbladder
empyema of gallbladder
pancreatitis
gallstone ileus
gallbladder cancer
Gallstone USS signs
gallstone
acoustic shadow
thickened wall of gallbladder due to inflammation
What should you coprescribe with opiates?
laxative
What are the markings of the large bowel on AXR?
haustra
go partly across bowel
What are the markings of the small bowel on AXR?
go all the way across valvulae conniventes
What is the narrowest part of the small bowel?
roughly a foot from ileocaecal valve (things most likely to get stuck here)
Septic shock signs
tachycardia
hypotensive
febrile
What is the sepsis 6?
give O2
give IV abx
give fluids
take blood cultures/bloods
take lactate
take urine output
Post op ileus treatment
NBM
IV fluids + NG decompression
Describe type 1 intestinal failure
acute
often self-limiting
eg. post op ileus
Describe type 2 intestinal failure
prolonged acute condition
continuing metabolic instability
weeks-months
eg. recurrent abdo sepsis, acute phase of short bowel syndrome
Describe type 3 intestinal failure
chronic failure
months-years
eg. short bowel syndrome, intestinal dysmotility
Drugs for high output stomas
antimotility drugs
loperamide
codeine phosphate
antisecretory drugs
omeprazole
octreotide
Risk of starting TPN after significant weight loss
refeeding syndrome
Intestinal failure complications
dehydration
malnutrition
inappropriate fluid replacement
complications of IV line
stoma management
psychological
