Week 3 - Pharm Calculations Flashcards

1
Q

Dose: The _______ of drug to be delivered to a patient to achieve an ________ effect

A

quantity, intended

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2
Q

A drug dose is expressed as ?

A

Single dose, daily dose, total dose

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3
Q

Single dose: Amount taken at _______ ______.

A

One time

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4
Q

Daily dose: Amount taken ________.

A

Daily

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5
Q

Dosage rate: should be expressed in ?

A

milligrams per kilograms (or milligrams per pound).

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6
Q

Dosage regimen is the _________ of dosing (e.g. three time daily for 7 days).

A

schedule

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7
Q

Drug doses are based on:

  1. ________ and __________ activity: ______
  2. _________ and __________ properties: Hydrophilic, lipophilic
  3. Dosage _________ used: Tablet, capsule, transdermal patch, etc
  4. ________ of Administration: PO, IV, etc
  5. _________ factors: Age, weight, body surface, liver and kidney function, etc
A

Biochemical, pharmacologic, ADME, Physical, chemical, form, Route, Patient

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8
Q

How do you calculate a drug dose?

A
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9
Q

Example: If a 20-kg dog is to be given amoxicillin at the rate of 10 mg/kg and injectable amoxicillin at a concentration of 100 mg/mL is available, the dosage calculation would be as follows:

A

2 mL

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10
Q

Example: a 20-kg dog is to be given amoxicillin at the rate of 10 mg/kg and injectable amoxicillin at a concentration 100 mg amoxicillin tablets are available, the formula becomes as follows:

A

2 tablets

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11
Q

Because most scales used to weigh animals provide the weight in pounds, a conversion must be made from pounds to kilograms:

A
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12
Q

If the order is to just “give a dog 300 mg of amoxicillin”, then the ordered amount is simply divided by the ___________ of the drug to determine the amount to be administered

A

concentration

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13
Q

Usually, you need to calculate the _______ of a dose, the ________ of doses, or the _______ quantity of drug to be dispensed.

A

size, number, total

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14
Q

How many teaspoonfuls would be prescribed in each dose of an elixir if 180 mL contained in 18 doses?

A

180/18 = 10 mL

10 mL = 2 teaspoonfuls

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15
Q

How many mL of a liquid would you provide a patient with 2 tablespoonfuls twice a day for 8 days?

A

30 x 32 = 960 mL

2 tbsp = 30 mL
32 doses needed

Total dose = size of dose x number of doses

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16
Q

1 kg = _______ g?

A

1000g

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17
Q

1 kg = ________ lb?

A

2.2 lb

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18
Q

1 g = ________ mg

A

1000

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19
Q

1 mg = ________ ug

A

1000 ug

20
Q

1 mg = ________ g

A

0.001 g

21
Q

1 lb = _______ g

A

453.6 g

22
Q

1 lb = ________ kg

A

0.4536 kg

23
Q

1 lb = _________ oz

A

16 oz

24
Q

1 oz = _________ g

A

29.35 g

25
Q

1 ug = ________ mg

A

0.001 mg

26
Q

1 ug = _________ g

A

0.000001 g

27
Q

1 L = _________ mL

A

1000

28
Q

500 mL = _______ cups

A

2 cups

29
Q

2 cups = ________ lbs

A

1 lb

30
Q

15 mL = _______ Tbsp

A

1

31
Q

5 mL = ______ tsp

A

1

32
Q

30 mL = _______ oz

A

1

33
Q

240 mL = _______ cup/glass

A

1

34
Q

A cat in your clinic is diagnosed with pyelonephritis (bacterial infection of the kidneys). You prescribe enrofloxacin to be given once daily at 5 mg/kg to a 10-lb cat for 7 days.
How many 22.7- mg tablets should be dispensed to the client?

A

1 pill per day
7 pills total

35
Q

A veterinarian prescribes sulfadimethoxine (Albon) for Coccidia. The patient is a puppy that weighs 8 lbs. and needs treatment for 21 days. The dose of Albon is a 25-mg/lb. to be given once daily. The drug is supplied at 250 mg/5 mL

A

4

36
Q

Which strength tablets of enalapril maleate (ENACARD) would be most convenient to dispense in the treatment of an 11-lb dog at a daily dose of 0.5 mg/kg? How will you determine the strength of the tablets?

A

2.5

37
Q

Mycoplasmal pneumonia is circulating among pigs on a farm. The veterinarian orders lincomycin HCl for a 500-lb Yorshire boar. The dosage to be administered is 5 mg/lb/day for 4 days. The medication on hand is 100 mg/mL in a 50-ml multidose vial/bottle.

A) How many mL will be administered to the boar each day?
B) How many bottles of medication does the owner have to purchase to treat the boar for 4 days?

A
38
Q

Cimetidine (an H2 receptor antagonist) may be administered to dogs with esophagitis or gastritis. A chihuahua at your clinic is prescribed cimetidine at a dose of 5 to 10 mg/kg by mouth every 6 to 8 hours. The oral solution contains cimetidine at 300 mg/5 mL.

Calculate the dosage range in mg for a cat weighing 9.4 lb.?
• 5 mg/Kg
• 10 mg/Kg

A
39
Q

A veterinarian orders clenbuterol syrup for a 200-lb foal for the management of airway obstructive
disease. The dosage is 0.8 mcg/kg twice daily for 3 days. The syrup contains 72.5 mcg/mL

How many milliliters need to be dispensed?

A
40
Q

The drug pimobendan (Vetmedin) is used to treat dogs with congestive heart failure (CHF) at a daily dose
of 0.5 mg/kg. Scored, chewable tablets are commercially available containing 1.25 mg and 5 mg per tablet Which strength tablets would be most convenient to administrate for a 16.5-lb dog

A
41
Q

Ponazuril is an anti-protozoal used in multiple species. In horses, it is used for the treatment of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) caused by Sarcocystis neurona. A veterinarian has ordered 5 mg/kg ponazuril once daily for a 1200-lb horse for 28 days. Tubes of 127 g of ponazuril paste are available; these contain 150 mg ponazuril per gram
How many tubes of the medication are needed for 28-day treatment?

A
42
Q

The dose of most drugs used to treat neoplasm is calculated according to the _____ ______ _______ (____) of the patient.

A

body surface area, BSA

43
Q

BSA is correlated with the _______ of the animal to convert an animal weight to ____ ____.

A

weight, BSA m2

44
Q

Dose Measurement using body surface area
Example:
For large-breed dogs, the dose of digoxin is 0.22 mg/m2. Calculate the dose for a dog weighing 22 kg

A
45
Q

The dose of methotrexate sodium for neoplastic disease in cats is 2.5 mg/m2 twice weekly. Calculate the single dose for a 2-kg cat.

A
46
Q

The maximum dose of doxorubicin in canine chemotherapy is 200 mg/m2. Calculate the maximum dose for a dog weighing 44 lb.

A
47
Q

A 44-lb dog is to be treated for lymphosarcoma with vincristine sulfate, 2 mg/mL. The
dose is 0.5 mg/m2.
How many milliliters will be given to the patient?

How to determine how many mLs are needed?

A