Week 3 - Pharm Calculations

Question 1

Dose: The _______ of drug to be delivered to a patient to achieve an ________ effect

Answer 1

quantity, intended

Question 2

A drug dose is expressed as ?

Answer 2

Single dose, daily dose, total dose

Question 3

Single dose: Amount taken at _______ ______.

Answer 3

One time

Question 4

Daily dose: Amount taken ________.

Answer 4

Daily

Question 5

Dosage rate: should be expressed in ?

Answer 5

milligrams per kilograms (or milligrams per pound).

Question 6

Dosage regimen is the _________ of dosing (e.g. three time daily for 7 days).

Answer 6

schedule

Question 7

Drug doses are based on:

1. ________ and __________ activity: ______
2. _________ and __________ properties: Hydrophilic, lipophilic
3. Dosage _________ used: Tablet, capsule, transdermal patch, etc
4. ________ of Administration: PO, IV, etc
5. _________ factors: Age, weight, body surface, liver and kidney function, etc

Answer 7

Biochemical, pharmacologic, ADME, Physical, chemical, form, Route, Patient

Question 8

How do you calculate a drug dose?

Answer 8

Question 9

Example: If a 20-kg dog is to be given amoxicillin at the rate of 10 mg/kg and injectable amoxicillin at a concentration of 100 mg/mL is available, the dosage calculation would be as follows:

Answer 9

2 mL

Question 10

Example: a 20-kg dog is to be given amoxicillin at the rate of 10 mg/kg and injectable amoxicillin at a concentration 100 mg amoxicillin tablets are available, the formula becomes as follows:

Answer 10

2 tablets

Question 11

Because most scales used to weigh animals provide the weight in pounds, a conversion must be made from pounds to kilograms:

Question 12

If the order is to just “give a dog 300 mg of amoxicillin”, then the ordered amount is simply divided by the ___________ of the drug to determine the amount to be administered

Answer 12

concentration

Question 13

Usually, you need to calculate the _______ of a dose, the ________ of doses, or the _______ quantity of drug to be dispensed.

Answer 13

size, number, total

Question 14

How many teaspoonfuls would be prescribed in each dose of an elixir if 180 mL contained in 18 doses?

Answer 14

180/18 = 10 mL

10 mL = 2 teaspoonfuls

Question 15

How many mL of a liquid would you provide a patient with 2 tablespoonfuls twice a day for 8 days?

Answer 15

30 x 32 = 960 mL

2 tbsp = 30 mL
32 doses needed

Total dose = size of dose x number of doses

Question 16

1 kg = _______ g?

Answer 16

1000g

Question 17

1 kg = ________ lb?

Answer 17

2.2 lb

Question 18

1 g = ________ mg

Answer 18

1000

Question 19

1 mg = ________ ug

Answer 19

1000 ug

Question 20

1 mg = ________ g

Answer 20

0.001 g

Question 21

1 lb = _______ g

Answer 21

453.6 g

Question 22

1 lb = ________ kg

Answer 22

0.4536 kg

Question 23

1 lb = _________ oz

Answer 23

16 oz

Question 24

1 oz = _________ g

Answer 24

29.35 g

Question 25

1 ug = ________ mg

Answer 25

0.001 mg

Question 26

1 ug = _________ g

Answer 26

0.000001 g

Question 27

1 L = _________ mL

Answer 27

1000

Question 28

500 mL = _______ cups

Answer 28

2 cups

Question 29

2 cups = ________ lbs

Answer 29

1 lb

Question 30

15 mL = _______ Tbsp

Answer 30

1

Question 31

5 mL = ______ tsp

Answer 31

1

Question 32

30 mL = _______ oz

Answer 32

1

Question 33

240 mL = _______ cup/glass

Answer 33

1

Question 34

A cat in your clinic is diagnosed with pyelonephritis (bacterial infection of the kidneys). You prescribe enrofloxacin to be given once daily at 5 mg/kg to a 10-lb cat for 7 days. How many 22.7- mg tablets should be dispensed to the client?

Answer 34

1 pill per day 7 pills total

Question 35

A veterinarian prescribes sulfadimethoxine (Albon) for Coccidia. The patient is a puppy that weighs 8 lbs. and needs treatment for 21 days. The dose of Albon is a 25-mg/lb. to be given once daily. The drug is supplied at 250 mg/5 mL

Answer 35

4

Question 36

Which strength tablets of enalapril maleate (ENACARD) would be most convenient to dispense in the treatment of an 11-lb dog at a daily dose of 0.5 mg/kg? How will you determine the strength of the tablets?

Answer 36

2.5

Question 37

Mycoplasmal pneumonia is circulating among pigs on a farm. The veterinarian orders lincomycin HCl for a 500-lb Yorshire boar. The dosage to be administered is 5 mg/lb/day for 4 days. The medication on hand is 100 mg/mL in a 50-ml multidose vial/bottle. A) How many mL will be administered to the boar each day? B) How many bottles of medication does the owner have to purchase to treat the boar for 4 days?

Question 38

Cimetidine (an H2 receptor antagonist) may be administered to dogs with esophagitis or gastritis. A chihuahua at your clinic is prescribed cimetidine at a dose of 5 to 10 mg/kg by mouth every 6 to 8 hours. The oral solution contains cimetidine at 300 mg/5 mL. Calculate the dosage range in mg for a cat weighing 9.4 lb.? • 5 mg/Kg • 10 mg/Kg

Question 39

A veterinarian orders clenbuterol syrup for a 200-lb foal for the management of airway obstructive disease. The dosage is 0.8 mcg/kg twice daily for 3 days. The syrup contains 72.5 mcg/mL How many milliliters need to be dispensed?

Question 40

The drug pimobendan (Vetmedin) is used to treat dogs with congestive heart failure (CHF) at a daily dose of 0.5 mg/kg. Scored, chewable tablets are commercially available containing 1.25 mg and 5 mg per tablet Which strength tablets would be most convenient to administrate for a 16.5-lb dog

Question 41

Ponazuril is an anti-protozoal used in multiple species. In horses, it is used for the treatment of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) caused by Sarcocystis neurona. A veterinarian has ordered 5 mg/kg ponazuril once daily for a 1200-lb horse for 28 days. Tubes of 127 g of ponazuril paste are available; these contain 150 mg ponazuril per gram How many tubes of the medication are needed for 28-day treatment?

Question 42

The dose of most drugs used to treat neoplasm is calculated according to the _____ ______ _______ (____) of the patient.

Answer 42

body surface area, BSA

Question 43

BSA is correlated with the _______ of the animal to convert an animal weight to ____ ____.

Answer 43

weight, BSA m2

Question 44

Dose Measurement using body surface area Example: For large-breed dogs, the dose of digoxin is 0.22 mg/m2. Calculate the dose for a dog weighing 22 kg

Question 45

The dose of methotrexate sodium for neoplastic disease in cats is 2.5 mg/m2 twice weekly. Calculate the single dose for a 2-kg cat.

Question 46

The maximum dose of doxorubicin in canine chemotherapy is 200 mg/m2. Calculate the maximum dose for a dog weighing 44 lb.

Question 47

A 44-lb dog is to be treated for lymphosarcoma with vincristine sulfate, 2 mg/mL. The dose is 0.5 mg/m2. How many milliliters will be given to the patient? How to determine how many mLs are needed?