Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroscience > Week 3: Optic Nerves Part 2 > Flashcards

Week 3: Optic Nerves Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The “sensory” portion of the trigeminal nerve allows for:

A

sensation of the face
sensation of the mouth sensation of the anterior 2/3rds of tongue
sensation of the nasal sinuses
the meninges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The “motor” portion of the trigeminal nerve is responsible for:

A

muscles of mastication
tensor tympani muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 3 major somatosensory branches of the trigeminal nerve?

A

ophthalmic division
maxillary division
mandibular division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What division of the trigeminal nerve is responsible for forehead, scalp, upper eyelid, cornea and nose?

A

ophthalmic division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what division of the trigeminal nerve is responsible for lower eyelid, cheeks, temples, upper lip region, and upper teeth?

A

Maxillary division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what division of the trigeminal nerve is responsible for part of the external ear, lower lip, chin, lower teeth and anterior 2/3rds of tongue?

A

Mandibular division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The trigeminal nuclear complex is composed of what 4 nuclei?

A

The motor trigeminal nuclei
the principle sensory trigeminal nuclei
the spinal trigeminal nuclei
The mesencephalic trigeminal nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The motor trigeminal nuclei gives rise to:

A

efferent signals to muscles of mastication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The principle sensory trigeminal nuclei is also referred to as:

A

Chief or main sensory nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of the principle sensory trigeminal nuclei?

A

Afferent discriminate touch and dental pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The spinal trigeminal nuclei does:

A

afferent crude touch, pain, temperature of face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which component of the trigeminal nuclear complex is somatotopic?

A

spinal trigeminal nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The mesencephalic trigeminal nuclei does:

A

afferent proprioception to the jaw and EOMs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name where the cutaneous sensory receptors are going to in the 1st order neuron of each of the somatosensory receptors in the trigeminal nerve.

A
  1. ophthalmic division (V1) - superior orbital fissure
  2. Maxillary division (V2) - foremen rotundum
  3. Mandibular division (V3) - foramen ovale
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In reference to the 3 divisions of the trigeminal nerve, after the 1st order neurons synapse at their respective foramen or fissure, what is the rest?

A

trigeminal ganglion –> trigeminal nerve –> synapse in Trigeminal Nuclear complex (midbrain, pons, medulla)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

2nd order neurons of the somatosensory pathways decussate and project TO and SYNAPSE in the:

A

contralateral ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus of thalamus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Regarding to the 2nd order neurons in the somatosensory pathways of the trigeminal nerve, once the synapse occurs in the contralateral VPM of the thalamus what happens at the

- Trigeminal lemniscus:

A

Trigeminal leminiscus: discriminate touch and dental pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Regarding to the 2nd order neurons in the somatosensory pathways of the trigeminal nerve, once the synapse occurs in the contralateral VPM of the thalamus what happens at the:

  • spinal trigeminal tract?
A

Crude touch, pain and temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Regarding to the 2nd order neurons in the somatosensory pathways of the trigeminal nerve, once the synapse occurs in the contralateral VPM of the thalamus what happens at the:

  • mesencephalic trigeminal tract?
A

Jaw and EOM proprioception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The 3rd order neurons of the somatosensory pathways of the trigeminal nerve:

A

project to inferolateral postcentral gyrus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The 1st order neuron of the MOTOR pathway of the trigeminal nerve begins at the:

A

Corticobulbar tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

At the first order neuron in the motor pathway of the trigeminal nerve, name the tract and describe what happens.

A

Name = Corticobulbar Tract

This motor pathway starts at the precentral gyrus and descends to the brainstem. It then bifurcates and synapses bilaterally on the trigeminal motor nuclei.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

At the first order neuron in the motor pathway of the trigeminal nerve, describe what happens after the signal starts at the precentral gyrus and descends to the brainstem:

A

it bifurcates and synapses bilaterally on trigeminal motor nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the name of the 2nd order neuron of the MOTOR pathway of the Trigeminal nerve?

A

Trigeminal nerve via mandibular division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

At the 2nd order neuron in the trigeminal nerve via the mandibular nerve, this innervates what 2 groups structures?

A

Muscles of mastication and tensor tympani

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the muscles of mastication innervated by the motor pathway of the second order neuron at the trigeminal nerve?

A

The masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are the 2 functions of the tensor tympani that are innervated by the motor pathway of the second order neuron at the trigeminal nerve?

A

Connects to malleus bone and controls loud noses

28
Q

CN VII is the:

A

facial nerve

29
Q

CNVII controls:

A

motor output to muscles of facial expression

30
Q

What are the 5 major branches of CN VII?

A
  • Temporal
  • Zygomatic
  • buccal
  • mandibular
  • cervical
31
Q

The facial nerve has parasympathetic projections to the:

A

lacrimal and salivary glands

32
Q
  • The facial nerve is also responsible for:
  • Taste from:
  • Somatosensory from:
A
  • the anterior ⅔ of tongue
  • external ear
33
Q

The 1st order neuron of the motor pathway in the facial nerve occurs at what tract?

A

The corticobulbar tract

34
Q

What happens at the corticobulbar tract of the motor pathway at the 1st order neuron of the facial nerve?

A

The precentral gyrus will project in 2 different paths: contralaterally and bilaterally.

35
Q

At the corticobulbar tract of the motor pathway at the 1st order neuron of the facial nerve, the precentral gyrus projects in 2 ways when it reaches the caudal pons. These projections go to:

A
  • The contralateral facial nucleus to provide innervation to lower face
  • the bilateral facial nuclei to provide bilateral innervation to upper face
36
Q

What is the name of the 2nd order neuron of the motor pathway of the facial nerve?

A

Facial nerve

37
Q

What happens at the 2nd order neuron of the motor pathway of the facial nerve?

A

It exits the skull through the stylomastoid foramen and goes to the 5 major branches to innervate the face muscles

38
Q

What is the name of the 1st order neuron of the parasympathetic pathway of the facial nerve?

A

FACIAL NERVE

39
Q

What happens at the 1st order neuron of the facial nerve during the parasympathetic pathway?

A

it projects from the superior salivary nucleus (pons) and takes 2 paths.

40
Q

What is the 1st path that the facial nerve takes after it projects from superior salivary nucleus in the parasympathetic pathway of the 1st order neuron?

I will start it: “The lacrimal projection exits”…

A

skull through the pterygoid canal and synapses won the sphenopalatine ganglion. The 2nd order neuron projects to the lacrimal gland.

41
Q

What happens at the 1st order neuron of the facial nerve during the parasympathetic pathway of the 2nd neuron if we take the 1st path (through the pterygoid canal)?

A

the second order neurons project to lacrimal gland.

42
Q

What is the 2nd path that the facial nerve takes after it projects from superior salivary nucleus in the parasympathetic pathway of the 1st order neuron?

I will start: “the salivary projections”….

A

exit the skull through the petrotympanic fissure and synapse on the submandibular ganglion

43
Q

What happens at the 1st order neuron of the facial nerve during the parasympathetic pathway of the 2nd neuron if we take the 2nd path (through the petrotympanic sphincter)?

A

2nd order neurons project to salivary glands (sublingual and submandibular

44
Q

CV and VII are known as my:

A

corneal reflex

45
Q

What is the purpose of the corneal reflex?

A

to protect the eye from debris and damage

46
Q

The pathway of the corneal reflex starts with:

A

a gentle swab to the cornea.

47
Q

Referring to the corneal reflex, after we swab to the cornea, the signal runs to the:

A

ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve (V1)

48
Q

Referring to the corneal reflex, after the signal runs from the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve, the signal runs to the:

A

spinal trigeminal nucleus

49
Q

Referring to the corneal reflex, after the signal runs through the spinal trigeminal nucleus, it goes to the:

A

bilateral facial nuclei

50
Q

Referring to the corneal reflex, after the signal runs to the bilateral facial nuclei, it will run to the:

A

bilateral facial nerves (VII)

51
Q

Referring to the corneal reflex, after the signal runs to the bilateral facial nerves (VII), this will finally cause a:

A

bilateral eye blink

52
Q

what is the pathway of the corneal reflex?

A

gentle swab to the cornea → ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve→ spinal trigeminal nucleus → bilateral facial nuclei → bilateral facial nerves (VII) → Bilateral eye blink

53
Q

The vestibulocochlear nerve is a special somatic sensory nerve responsible for:

A

hearing and vestibular sensation

54
Q

What happens at the 1st order neuron of the Vestibulocochlear nerve in the auditory/ cochlear pathways?

I will start you off: “The cochlear division of the CN8 enters”…

A

the skull via the internal auditory meatus and synapses in the ventral and dorsal cochlear nuclei (pontomedullary jxn)

55
Q

Once the cochlear division of CN8 enters the skull via the internal auditory meatus and synapses in the ventral and dorsal cochlear nuclei (pontomedullary jxn), this then goes to the:

A

ventral tract.

56
Q

After the synapse of the cochlear division of CN8 in the ventral and dorsal cochlear nuclei, it goes to the ventral tract. Explain what happens at the 2nd order neuron in the ventral tract.

A

the 2nd order neurons ascend bilaterally and synapse in the superior olivary nuclear complex

57
Q

After the synapse of the cochlear division of CN8 in the ventral and dorsal cochlear nuclei, it goes to the ventral tract. Explain what happens at the 3rd order neuron in the ventral tract.

A

3rd order neurons project to the inferior colliculi via the lateral leminiscus

58
Q

After the synapse of the cochlear division of CN8 in the ventral and dorsal cochlear nuclei, it goes to the ventral tract. Explain what happens at the 4th order neuron in the ventral tract.

A

It projects to the medial geniculate nuclei of the thalamus

59
Q

After the synapse of the cochlear division of CN8 in the ventral and dorsal cochlear nuclei, it goes to the ventral tract. Explain what happens at the 5 order neuron in the ventral tract.

A

The 5th order neurons project to the primary auditory cortices

60
Q

Where does the somatomotor input go to in the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

stylopharyngeus muscle

61
Q

Where does the viscerosensory input go to in the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A
  • carotid sinus
  • carotid body
62
Q

The somatomotor portion of the glossopharyngeal nerve that goes to the stylopharangeal muscle contributes to:

A

Gag muscle and pharynx elevation during talking and swallowing

63
Q

The viscerosensory portion of the glossopharyngeal nerve that goes to the carotid sinus and carotid body contains:

A

chemoreceptors and baroreceptors

64
Q

Discuss the other components of the glossopharyngeal nerve in reference to “somatosensory” and “parasympathetic projections”.

A
  • It has somatosensory input and taste to the posterior ⅓ or tongue
  • there is somatosensory input from the middle ear
  • the are parasympathetic projections to parotid gland
65
Q

What happens at the 1st order neuron of the motor pathway of the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

The precentral gyrus goes to the contralateral nucleus ambiguous via the corticobulbar tracts.

66
Q

What happens at the 2nd order neuron of the motor pathway of the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

it exits the skull via the jugular foramen, travels rostrally and to the stylopharyngeus muscle for palate elevation

67
Q

What happens at the 1st order neuron of the viscerosensory pathway of the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

The pharyngeal branch receptors send afferent input from the chemo and baroreceptors from the carotid body and sinus through the jugular foramen to the solitary nuclei

Neuroscience (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions