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Neuroscience > Week 2: The Spinal Cord > Flashcards

Week 2: The Spinal Cord Flashcards

1
Q

The function of the spinal cord is:

A

nerve impulse propogation

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2
Q

The spinal cord extends from where to where?

A

Extends from the medulla and foramen magnum to conus medullaris L1 - L2 intervertebral joint

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3
Q

After the spinal cord stops at the conus medullaris, where does it exit?

A

Cauda equina (L2 - S5)

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4
Q

How many spinal nerves are there?

A

31

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5
Q

How many cervical nerves are there?

A

8

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6
Q

How many thoracic nerves are there?

A

12

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7
Q

How many sacral nerves are there?

A

5

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8
Q

How many coccygeal nerves are there?

A

1

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9
Q

The cervical enlargement extends from ____________ . This is also known ______________.

A

C5 - T1; brachial plexus

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10
Q

The lumbar enlargement enlargement extends from ____________ . This is also known ______________.

A

T11 - S2. Lumbosacral plexus

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11
Q

What are 6 layers of the spinal cord meninges?

A
  1. Epidural Space
  2. Dura Mater
  3. Subdural Space
  4. Arachnoid Mater
  5. Subarachnoid space
  6. pia mater
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12
Q

What is included in the epidural space of the spinal cord?

A

fatty tissue, lymphatics, blood vessels, nerve roots

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13
Q

what are some characteristics of the dura mater in the spinal cord?

A

Single layer of fibrous tissue
Serves as anchor for peripheral nerves to spinal cord
extends to S2 vertebral level

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14
Q

What is the difference between the meninges in spinal cord vs. cranium

A

the dura mater in the cranium is 2 layers
the dura mater in the spinal cord is 1 layer

The epidural and subdural space in spinal cord is BIGGER than in cranium

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15
Q

What is located in the subdural space in the spinal cord?

A

interstitial space

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16
Q

What is located in the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord?

A

cerebrospinal fluid

17
Q

what is located in the pia mater of the spinal cord?

What does this extension do?

A

filum terminale, which is a fibrous extension of the pia mater at the end of the conus medullaris…

anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx.

18
Q

If the cauda equina is damaged, this is a ________ nerve injury.

A

peripheral

19
Q

What is the difference between a CNS injury and a PNS injury?

A

Peripheral nerves have the ability to regenerate.

cranial nerves do not.

20
Q

The grey mater of the spinal cord consists of the:

A

dorsal horn
Intermediate zone
ventral horn

21
Q

What neurons are located in the dorsal horn?

A

sensory neurons

22
Q

What neurons are located in the ventral horn?

A

somatotopically organized motor neurons

23
Q

What neurons are in the intermediate zone of the spinal cord?

A

Interneurons

@ T1 - L2 (lateral horn) - sympathetic preganglionic neurons
@ S2 - S4 (Lateral horn) - parasympathetic preganglionic neurons

24
Q

White matter of the spinal cord consists of 6 major structures such as:

A
  1. Ascending and Descending Columns
  2. Dorsolateral Sulcus
  3. Dorsal Intermediate Sulcus
  4. Ventral Lateral Sulcus
  5. Dorsal Medium Septum
  6. Ventral medium fissure
25
Q

The ascending and descending columns in the white matter are divided into the:

A

dorsal column
ventral column
lateral column

26
Q

The following columns of the ascending and descending columns have what type of fibers?
Dorsal:
Ventral:
Lateral:

A

Dorsal: sensory
Ventral: motor
Lateral: mixed

27
Q

The dorsolateral sulcus is an entrance for:

A

the dorsal roots

28
Q

The dorsal roots enter at:

A

the dorsolateral sulcus

29
Q

What structure splits dorsal columns into fasciculi cuneatus and gracilis?

A

dorsal intermediate sulcus

30
Q

The dorsal intermediate sulcus splits the:

A

dorsal columns into fasciculi cuneatus and gracilis

31
Q

the ventral roots exit at:

A

the ventral lateral sulcus

32
Q

The ventral lateral sulcus is an exit for:

A

the ventral roots

33
Q

A sheet of glial cells folded inwards and turns to dorsal medium sulcus in the caudal spinal cord is best recognized as the:

A

dorsal medium septum

34
Q

What is the dorsal medium septum?

A

a sheet of glial cells turned inwards

35
Q

The dorsal medium septum turns to the dorsal medium sulcus in the:

A

caudal spinal cord

36
Q

The ventral medium fissure is FOLDED where:

A

in the pia mater.

37
Q

White matter (increases or decreases) as you move lumbosacral to cervical?

A

increases

38
Q

Volume of gray matter is highest in cervical and

A

lumbar enlargements

Neuroscience (10 decks)

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