Week 3 Memory Flashcards
What is encoding
info turned into a memory
What are the 3 kinds of memory storage
episodic, procedural and semantic
What is retrieval
from memory to awareness again
Auditory memory is based on
sounds
Visual memory is based on
images
Semantic memory is based on
the ‘meaning’ of an experience
Episodic memory is based on
memory of a specific event
Procedural memory is based on
steps on how to do something
Explicit memory is
Intentional recall
Implicit memory is
unintentional recall
Identify 2 approaches to research on memory
1- PET scans (Neurological)
2- Observation
What is the Levels of Processing model
how well something is remembered depends on the degree to which incoming info is mentally processed.
What is Maintenance rehearsal
repeating info to memorise (short term memory)
What is Elaborative Rehearsal
thinking about how new info relates to info already stored in long term memory. Works better long term than maintenance rehearsal. Supports levels of processing theory.
What is the Transfer appropriate model
how well the retrieval process matches the original encoding process.
What is Parallel distributed processing
recognition by distributed neural units (new facts can alter knowledge and memories)
Describe memory storage and retrieval
Storage=encoding–>short term->long term
Retrieval= neural connections retrieve memory from location and bring to consciuosness.
What effects memory
- emotional factors
- recall fade over time (decay theory)
- interference (old and new memories conflict)
- anterograde amnesia (memory loss from after accident)
- retrograde amnesia (loss of memory from before accident)
Does repression occur
yes, less commonly
Can be retrieved by retrieval cues (sounds, smells, environments)
Which biological parts of the brain are involved in memory (3)
- synapses
- dendrite connection
- the hippocampus
Memory improvement strategies (7) DDLMMRT
- Drugs
- Distributed practice
- Long term linking (room with 4 corners and info in each)
- Mnemonic strategies (acronyms, songs etc)
- Massed practice
- Repetition
- Testing (flash cards)
