Week 3: Introduction to Creativity Flashcards
Define creativity as it was in the lecture.
creativity refers to the processes, outcomes and products of attempts to develop and introduce new and improved ways of doing things
Difference between creativity and innovation:
Creativity refers to idea _____ and is the first step towards _____.
Innovation includes _____ and refers to the generation of ____ and _____ ideas that include the _____ and _____ to create better procedures, practices and products.
generation, innovation
creativity, new and novel, implementation and evaluation
Finish the quotation (Runco, 2004):
To survive, people must adapt to continuously changing ____. To develop, people must solve ____, generate ____, and create _____ or _____.
circumstances
problems
new ideas
new products or services
According to Amabile (1988) creativity and innovation are the key to what?
organisational effectiveness and competitive advantage
Creative performance should be evaluated in two ways. What are they? Which one is more important?
Novelty: how original the idea is
Usefulness: how feasible and realisable the idea is
Both are equally important
One of the difficulties with creative tasks is that often original ideas are not ____, while ____ ideas are not original.
feasible
feasible
What are the two causes of creative behaviour?
creative potential
creative environment
Creative behaviour comes in a 4-step process. Explain the process.
- Problem Formulation: spot the issue without a solution (e.g. COVID)
- Information Gathering: to help solving the issue
3: Idea Generation: find possible solutions - Idea Evaluation: to select best possible option
What is said to help Idea Generation?
physical activity
The three-stage model of creativity in organisations identifies three stages of the creative process in organisations:
_____ –> _____ –> _____
2 causes for creative behaviour (creative potential/environment) –> creative behaviour (4-steps) –> creative performance
What are the four dark sides of creativity/innovation?
- costs of creativity
- can be experienced as disruptive and destabilising
- may not benefit everyone (jobs can become redundant)
- can lead to conflict and tension
Creative potential refers to…
the personal characteristics that are shared by exceptionally creative people
What are four personal factors that contribute to higher creative potential?
- intelligence - smart people are better at solving complex issues as they have better working memory
- openness to experience ( ! ) - curiosity fosters innovation
- pro-activeness - self-confidence, risk-taking, perseverance and high tolerance to ambiguity can help
- expertise - having expertise, knowledge and abilities in the field of endeavour
Creative potential is also influenced by ____.
mood
What were the two components of mood, identified in a 2008 meta-analysis by Baas, de Dreu and Nijstad?
Which one is more important for creativity?
Hedonic tone: positive or negative affect?
Activation: activating or deactivating mood?
Activation is more important for creativity.
If you put the two mood components, activation and hedonic tone, on a matrix, what would be the four mood quadrants derived from it?
Activating + Positive tone = happy
Activating + Negative tone = angry
Deactivating + Positive tone = relaxed
Deactivating + Negative tone = sad
Why are deactivating moods not ideal for creativity?
When examining the effects of deactivating emotions such as sadness, fear, and anxiety, less creative problem solving and cognitive flexibility were evident.
(Baas et al., 2008)
Human moods and emotions have two essential aspects, hedonic tone and activation — the first is a measure of how _____, while the second is a measure of ____.
intrinsically pleasant or enjoyable the emotion is
its intrinsic ability to push you to do something
The combination of a positive and activating mood, such as ____, leads to creative performance via the _____.
This means one can achieve higher creative performance by being more likely to jump between _____.
The combination of a negative and activating mood, such as ____, leads to creative performance via the ____. This means one can achieve higher creative performance by systematically exploring _____ and being ____ in effort.
happiness, flexible route, a lot and broad cognitive categories
anger, persistent route, one or just a few cognitive categories, persistent