Week 3 - Ethics and Critical Evaluation Flashcards
Australian Code of Ethics APS consist of 3 main principles:
Respect for the Rights and Dignity of People
Propriety - beneficence
Integrity
National Health and Medical Research Council Guidelines:
Merit
Integrity
Justice - participants are treated fairly
Beneficence - ensures benefits to individuals and /or the wider community outweigh any risks or harm or discomfort
Respect - maintain persons privacy, welfare, beliefs
Human Research Ethics
Any researchers that involve contact with human subjects requires ethics approval
Deception violates the principle of informed consent and would only be used to obtain spontaneous responses
TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Animal research must comply with Australian Code of Practice
The 3 R’s
Replacement, Reduction and Refinement
The Replacement of animals with other methods
The Reduction in the number of animals used
The Refinement of techniques used to minimise the adverse impacts on animals
Replicability is considered one of the key attributes of empirical research
TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
Critical thinking - 3 key principles
Scepticism
Objectivity
Open mindedness
Involves authors deliberately attacking an opposing argument in order to strengthen their own. argument is weak and easily refuted.
Straw man
Appeals to the fallacy that a popular and widespread argument is true.
Appeals to popularity
Refers to the fallacy that an argument must be true because of the authority of the person making it. Assess evidence alone.
Appeals to authority
Refers to the approach in which authors try to strengthen their own position by attacking the authors of alternative arguments.
Arguments directed to the person
Phenomena is observed, hypotheses are framed and theories are built.
Context of discovery
Descriptive methods are most powerful in the context of discovery
hypotheses are tested empirically
Context of justification
Experimental methods tend to be most useful in the context of justification.
