Week 2 - Research Methods

Question 1

Average

Answer 1

Mean

Question 2

Centre of Distibution

Answer 2

Median

Question 3

The value that appears the most

Answer 3

Mode

Question 4

two variables are interconnected; we cannot determine which one has influenced a dependent variable

Answer 4

Confounding variable

Question 5

change in behaviour because of expectations

Answer 5

Placebo effect

Question 6

Summaries data

Answer 6

descriptive statistics

Question 7

shows how frequent participants receive each of the many possible scores

Answer 7

Frequency distribution

Question 8

provides an index of the way typical participants respond on a measure

Answer 8

Central tendency

Question 9

describes how much the average person deviates from the mean

Answer 9

Standard deviation

Question 10

scores of most participants fall in the middle of the bell-shaped distribution

Answer 10

Normal distribution

Question 11

A quasi-experimental design:
Select one:

a. is useful if an experimental design is impractical.

b. takes advantage of natural groups as they exist in nature.

c. both a and b.

d. neither a nor b.

Answer 11

C - both a and b.
When experiments are impractical, psychologists sometimes employ quasi-experimental designs, which share the logic and many features of the experimental method but do not allow as much control over all relevant variables.

Question 12

A stratified random sample reflects:

Answer 12

the proportion drawn from each population category.

Question 13

If I perform some statistics on the data that I have gathered, and those statistics merely summarise the findings, I must have used:

Answer 13

Descriptive statistics
are the first step in understanding a data set and summarise their essential features

Question 14

_________ statistics apply more complex statistical tests in order to draw inferences from the sample to the population.

Answer 14

inferential statistics

Question 15

Each participant experiences every condition
Each person is tested at every level of exposure of the IV
This design does not include a control group
Each participant is their own control group

Answer 15

Within- group

Question 16

Every participant experiences only one condition and assessment is made on group difference between participants in various conditions

Answer 16

Between-Group

Question 17

The further away the odds ratio is from 1.0 the _____ the association.

Answer 17

Stronger

Question 18

If the confidence interval range for the odds ratio does not include 1 (eg. 1.7, 5.2) this would be considered statistically ______

Answer 18

Significant

Question 19

Stats that summarise and describe data

Answer 19

Histogram

Question 20

Probability value = p = psych’s will accept p values that fall below 0.5. TRUE or FALSE

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

ANOVA

Answer 21

Analysis of variance

Question 22

Assesses the likelihood that difference in means among groups occurred by chance or examines the extent to which a variation in scores is attributable to the independent variable

Answer 22

ANOVA - analysis of variance

Question 23

Compares the observed data with the results that would be expected by chance and tests the likelihood that differences observed and expected are accidental

Answer 23

Chi-square test (Χ²)