Week 1 - Intro into Psych

Question 1

The process of looking inward and reporting on ones conscious experience

Answer 1

Introspection

Question 2

Known as the father of psychology

Answer 2

William Wundt

Question 3

Attempts to uncover the basic elements of consciousness through introspection

Answer 3

Structuralism

Question 4

Functionalism

Answer 4

Attempts to explain psychological processes in terms of the role, or function, they serve.

Question 5

A broad system of theoretical assumptions that a scientific community uses to make sese of its domain study.

Answer 5

Paradigm

Question 6

Unconscious process, Mental events occur outside of conscious awareness

Answer 6

Psychodynamic theory - Sigmund Freud

Question 7

Focuses on the way people perceive, process and retrieve information

Answer 7

Cognitive perspective - Wundt and Gestalt

Question 8

Focuses on the way objects, events in the environment (stimuli) come to control behaviour through learning.

Answer 8

Behavioralist - Pavlov and Skinner

Question 9

Evolutionary perspective

Answer 9

Evolutionary perspective is a way of understanding human behavior and mind based on evolution and survival - natural selection, reproducing

Question 10

Humanistic perspective

Answer 10

emphasizes looking at the whole person, and the uniqueness of each individual. Humanistic psychology begins with the existential assumptions that people have free will and are motivated to achieve their potential and self-actualize.

Question 11

Self actualization

Answer 11

the realization or fulfilment of one’s talents and potential

Question 12

Human centered approach

Answer 12

human centered approach emphasis on empathy, acceptance and respect

Question 13

Nature vs nurture

Answer 13

biology vs environmental influence

Question 14

Angela is a cognitive psychologist. As a cognitive psychologist she

Answer 14

infers mental processes from experimental data

Question 15

Behaviourists are not comfortable with studying mental events such as thoughts or feelings because:
Select one:

a. they cannot be independently verified because they are not directly observable.
b. they are unpredictable.
c. they are complicated.
d. they are available through introspection.

Answer 15

a. they cannot be independently verified because they are not directly observable.

Question 16

Diane is keeping an in-depth record of her conscious awareness including sensation, images, feelings, and thoughts that she is aware of experiencing. Diane is practising what Wundt would call:

Answer 16

Introspection;
In his attempt to understand the elementary units of human consciousness, Wundt and his students used the method of introspection which involved trained subjects looking inward and reporting on their immediate conscious experiences.

Question 17

My essay examines the relationship between conscious awareness and unconscious mental forces being analogous to the visible tip of an iceberg and the vast, submerged hulk that lies out of sight beneath the water. This notion best fits with which of the following perspectives?

Answer 17

Psychodynamic

Question 18

Although I ran an elegant study which produced significant differences between groups in my lab, my results don’t actually predict what people do in the real world. My study is very low in:
Select one:

a. external validity.
b. practicality.
c. test-retest reliability.
d. criterion validity.

Answer 18

a. external validity. External validity refers to the soundness of a study, and in particular, the extent to which the findings can be generalised beyond the initial setting.

Question 19

This perspective represents an optimistic view of human experience

Answer 19

Humanistic - Abraham Maslow & Carl Rogers