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Yr2 Head & Neck - Anatomy > Week 3 Dry > Flashcards

Week 3 Dry Flashcards

1
Q

Which bone forms the floor of the middle cranial fossa?

A

Sphenoid & temporal bones

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2
Q

What is the Pterion?

A

A region of the skull where the Frontal, parietal, temporal and sphenoid bones come together to form an H shaped structure

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3
Q

What foramina are found in the anterior Cranial fossa?

A

The foramina of the cribriform plate, contains the branches of the olfactory nerve

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4
Q

What foramen are found in the middle cranial fossa?

A
  • Optic Foramen
  • Sup Orbital Fissure
  • Foramen Rotundum
  • Foramen Ovale
  • Foramen Spinosum
  • Foramen Lacerum
  • Carotid Canal
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5
Q

What passes through the optic foramen

A

Optic Nerve and Opthalmic Artery

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6
Q

What passes through the sup orbital fissure

A

III, IV, V1 & VI nerves

Opthalmic Veins

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7
Q

What passes through the Foramen Rotundum?

A

V2 (Maxillary Division) which then appears again through the inf orbital fissure

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8
Q

What passes through the Foramen Ovale?

A

V3

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9
Q

What passes through the Foramen Spinosum?

A

Meningeal branch of V3

Middle Meningeal Art/Vein

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10
Q

What passes through the Foramen Lacerum?

A

Nothing for our purposes

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11
Q

What passes through the Carotid Canal?

A

ICA

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12
Q

What foramen are found in the posterior cranial fossa?

A

Internal Acoustic Foramen
Jugular Foramen
Hypoglossal Canal
Foramen Magnum

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13
Q

What passes through the Internal Acoustic Foramen?

A

VestibuloCochlear Nerve

Facial Nerve

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14
Q

What passes through the Jugular Foramen?

A

IJV/Intracranial Venous Sinuses

Glossopharyngeal, Vagus and Accessory nerve

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15
Q

What passes through the Hypoglossal Canal?

A

Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)

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16
Q

What passes through the Foramen Magnum?

A

Spinal origins of XI

Spinal Cord

17
Q

A groove is found just lateral to the foramen spinosum, what makes it?

A

Middle meningeal Artery

18
Q

What type of Haemorrhage would result from damage to the middle meningeal art?

A

Epidural Haemorrhage

19
Q

What grooves start from the internal occipital protuberance?

A

LAterally the grooves of the transverse sinuses, these then become the S shaped sigmoid sinuses

Superiorly the Sup Sagittal Sinus groove

20
Q

What is the sella turcica?

A

A depression in the midline in the middle cranial fossa containing the pituitary gland. Its in the body of the sphenoid bone and bounded by the ant/post clinoid processes

21
Q

What attaches to the ant/post clinoid processes?

A

Tentorium Cerebelli

22
Q

What groove is found immediately anterior to the foramen rotundum?

A

Cavernous sinus groove (its also immediately lateral to the sella turcica)

23
Q

What parts of the sphenoid bone stick out inferiorly?

A

Medial and lateral pterygoid plates

Sphenoidal crest in the midline

Pterygoid hamulus (Hook shaped protuberance on the lower extremity of the medial pterygoid plate)

24
Q

What muscles attach to the pterygoid plates?

A

Medial - Tensor Veli Palatini

Lateral - Medial and lateral pterygoid muslces

25
Q

Why do neonates have partially ossified skulls?

A

It allows them to be more flexible so it can grow during infancy, absorb shock from falls as an infant and be compressed during birth

26
Q

What type of ossification forms the bones of the skull?

A

Trick question BOOM Surprise BITCH its both

Flat bones of skull vault = Intramembranous
Irregular Bones of skull base = Endochondral

27
Q

At what age do the fontanelles fuse?

A 
Ant = 18-24 months
Post = Within the first few months of life
28
Q

What type of epithelium is on the tongue?

A

Stratified Squamous Keratinized

29
Q

The various salivary glands secrete different proportions of mucous or serous secretions, how do we tell the difference?

A

Histologically because Serous acini stain strongly due to their high protein content. And Mucous acini dont stain as they produce largely glycoproteins.

30
Q

What do myoepithelial cells do?

A

Surround acini and squeeze to push out the secretions

31
Q

Which salivary gland is serous and which mucous?

A

Parotid is mostly serous (darkly stained)

Submandibular is mixed

Sublingual is mostly mucous (Lightly stained)

Yr2 Head & Neck - Anatomy (9 decks)

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