Week 1 Dry Flashcards
Four compartments of the neck in transverse plane?
- Visceral Compartment
- Vascular Compartment (Carotid Sheath)
- Vertebral Compartment
- All enclosed in musculofascial Collar
Parts of cervical vertebrae?
Biphid Spinous process
Transverse processes contianing transverse foramen
Articular Facets
Important Cervical Vertebrae and their joints?
Atlas (C1) - Synovial Condyler to Occipital bone
Axis (C2) - Synovial Pivot to Atlas (Dens)
Vertebra Prominens (C7)
Triangles of neck?
Ant & Post divided by SCM
Ant split into:
- Submental (Above hyoid and in front of digastric)
- Submandibular (Above Hyoid and behind Digastric)
- Carotid (Below Hyoid and behind Omohyoid)
- Muscular (Below Hyoid and in front of omohyoid)
Contents of the 4 anterior neck triangles?
Submental - Lymph nodes
Submandibular - Facial Art & Submandibular gland
Carotid - Carotid Sheath (IJV-Vagus-CCA)
Muscular - Strap Muscles
Contents of Post Triangle of neck?
Accessory Nerve Brachial Plexus (C5-T1) Emerges through scalenes here
What level does the CCA bifurcate?
C4
Terminal Branches of ECA?
Superfical Temporal Art & Maxillary Art given off in parotid gland
Where does phrenic nerve arise from and where does it run regarding the carotid sheath?
Cervical Plexus (C3-4-5) Deep to carotid sheath
Parts of hyoid bone?
Body Greater Horn (Cornua) Lesser Horn (Cornua)
What muscles attach to hyoid?
Supra & Infra Hyoids
Middle Pharyngeal Constrictor
Hyoglossus
Name and innervate the suprahyoid muscles?
- Ant Belly of Digastric = Mylohyoid Nerve (V3)
- Post Belly of Digastric = Facial Nerve (VII)
- Mylohyoid = Mylohyoid Nerve (V3)
- Stylohyoid = Facial Nerve (VII)
- Geniohyoid = C1 via Cr N XII
Function of Suprahyoid muscles?
Elevate hyoid and/or lower mandible
Involved in mastication and swallowing
Name and innervate the infrahyoids?
- Sternohyoid = Ansa Cervicalis (Cervical Plexus)
- Sternothyroid = Ansa Cervicalis)
- Thyrohyoid = C1 Via Cr N XII
- Omohyoid = Ansa Cervicalis
Function of infrahyoids (Strap muscles)?
Depress hyoid and larynx for speech and swallowing
Roots of Cervical plexus?
C1-4
Where does the cervical plexus exit the neck?
Through ant/middle scalenes
Define Ansa Cervicalis?
A loop of cervical plexus with C1-3 roots that supplies all the infrahyoids except the thyrohyoid
What are the parts of the thyroid gland?
Isthmus connecting two lobes horizontally.
Parathyroid glands on posterior surface of thyroid gland
LEvel of Thyroid gland?
2nd-3rd rings of tracheal cartilage
Compartment containing thyroid gland?
Visceral Compartment of neck
Describe the blood supply of the thyroid gland?
Arterial:
- Sup Thyroid Art (ECA)
- Inf Thyroid Art (Subclavian)
Venous:
- Sup Thyroid Vein (IJV)
- Middle Thyroid Vein (IJV)
- Inf Thyroid Vein (Brachiocephalic vein)
Nervous innervation of thyroid gland?
Recurrent and external laryngeal nerves from Vagus
