Week 3 Drug Quiz Cards

Question 1

Acetylcysteine

Answer 1

(Mucomyst, Acetadote)

Question 2

Acetylcysteine Class:

Answer 2

Acetaminophen antidote

Question 3

Acetylcysteine Mechanism of action

Answer 3

a. Restores glutathione concentrations within the liver
b. Glutathione, an antioxidant, has many actions in the body, including detoxifying substances.

Question 4

Acetylcysteine Indications

Answer 4

Acetaminophen overdose

Question 5

Acetylcysteine Contraindications

Answer 5

a. Known hypersensitivity
b. Acute asthma

Question 6

Acetylcysteine Adverse reactions/side effects

Answer 6

a. Urticaria
b. Flushing
c. Rash
d. Angioedema
e. Nausea

Question 7

Acetylcysteine Dosage and administration

Answer 7

Adult and pediatric: 150mg/kg IV, mix in 200 mL of D5W and infuse over 1 hour; then give 50 mg/kg IV in 500 mL D5W and infuse over 4 hours; if IV access is not available, give acetylcysteine 140 mg/kg orally

Question 8

Acetylcysteine Duration of action

Answer 8

Onset: 1 min
Peak effect: 5–15 min
Duration: 100 min

Question 9

Diltiazem

Answer 9

(Cardizem, Dilacor, Diltiaz)

Question 10

Diltiazem Class

Answer 10

Calcium channel blocker, antidysrhythmic (Class IV), antianginal agent

Question 11

Diltiazem Mechanism of action

Answer 11

a. Inhibits extracellular calcium ion influx across membranes of myocardial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells
b. No effect on serum calcium concentrations
c. Substantial inhibitory effects on the cardiac conduction system
d. Less-negative inotropic effects than verapamil

Question 12

Diltiazem Indications

Answer 12

Stable narrow-QRS tachycardia
i. Rhythm persists despite vagal maneuvers or administration of adenosine.
ii. Recurrent
b. To control the ventricular rate in patients with AF or atrial flutter without preexcitation

Question 13

Diltiazem Contraindications

Answer 13

a. Known hypersensitivity
b. Hypotension
c. Cardiogenic shock
d. Wide-complex tachycardia
e. Second- or third-degree AV block
f. Sick sinus syndrome or other sinus node disease
g. Poison- or drug-induced tachycardia
h. AF or atrial flutter associated with an accessory bypass tract
i. Avoid use in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction or decompensated heart failure.
j. Use with extreme caution in patients taking oral beta blockers.

Question 14

Diltiazem Adverse reactions/side effects

Answer 14

a. Dizziness
b. Weakness
c. Headache
d. Dyspnea
e. Dysrhythmias including cardiac arrest
f. Heart failure
g. Peripheral edema
h. Hypotension
i. Syncope
j. Chest pain
k. Nausea/vomiting
l. Dry mouth

Question 15

Diltiazem Dosage and administration

Answer 15

Adult: 15–20 mg (0.25 mg/kg) IV/IO slowly over 2min; after 15 min, a second bolus of 20–25 mg (0.35 mg/kg) IV/IO can be given slowly over 2 min
Pediatric: Not recommended

Question 16

Diltiazem Duration of action

Answer 16

Onset: 2–5 min
Peak effect: Usually within 7 min
Duration: 1–3 hours

Question 17

Droperidol

Answer 17

Inapsine

Question 18

Droperidol Class

Answer 18

Antiemetic, antipsychotic

Question 19

Droperidol Mechanism of action

Answer 19

a. Produces marked tranquilization and sedation
b. Reduces motor activity and anxiety
c. Possesses adrenergic-blocking, antifibrillatory, antihistaminic, and anticonvulsive properties

Question 20

Droperidol Indications

Answer 20

a. Chemical restraint
b. Acute delirium or psychosis

Question 21

Droperidol Contraindications

Answer 21

a. Known hypersensitivity
b. Known or suspected prolonged QT interval
c. Use with extreme caution in patients with bradycardia, cardiac disease, concurrent MAOI therapy, or use of Class I and Class III antidysrhythmics or other drugs.

Question 22

Droperidol Adverse reactions/side effects

Answer 22

a. QT interval prolongation
b. VT
c. TdP
d. Cardiac arrest
e. Mild to moderate hypotension
f. Hypertension
g. Tachycardia
h. Dizziness
i. Drowsiness
j. Restlessness
k. Anxiety
l. Dysphoria
m. Hyperactivity
n. Hallucinations
o. Extrapyramidal symptoms

Question 23

Droperidol Dosage and administration

Answer 23

Adult: Chemical restraint: 2.5 mg slow IV or 5 mg IM
Pediatric: Not routinely recommended

Question 24

Droperidol Duration of action

Answer 24

Onset: 3–10 min
Peak effect: 30 min
Duration: 2–4 hours

Question 25

Famotidine Pepcid

Answer 25

Pepcid

Question 26

Famotidine Class:

Answer 26

Antiulcer, H2 blocker

Question 27

Famotidine Mechanism of action:

Answer 27

Inhibits volume and concentration of gastric secretions

Question 28

Famotidine Indications:

Answer 28

GI ulcer, GI bleeding, GERD, urticaria and/or pruritus

Question 29

Famotidine Adverse/side effects:

Answer 29

Constipation, diarrhea, rhabdomyolysis, seizures, pneumonia, agitation, vomiting, headache, dizziness, vitamin B12 deficiency; prolonged QT interval

Question 30

Famotidine Contraindications:

Answer 30

Hypersensitivity to famotidine or other H2 blockers

Question 31

Famotidine Dosage and administration

Answer 31

Adult: 20 mg IV, 20 mg orally twice daily Pediatric: 0.25 mg/kg dose every 12 hours IV, 0.5 mg/kg orally

Question 32

Famotidine Duration of action

Answer 32

Onset: 60 min Peak effect: 1–3 hours Duration: 10–12 hours

Question 33

Amiodarone Class

Answer 33

Antidysrhythmic (Class III).

Question 34

Amiodarone Mechanism of action

Answer 34

Blocks sodium, potassium, and calcium channels; prolongs the action potential's duration and delays repolarization; decreases AV conduction and sinoatrial (SA) node function.

Question 35

Amiodarone Indications

Answer 35

a. Cardiac arrest resulting from VF or pulseless VT after CPR, defibrillation, and epinephrine b. Stable, regular narrow-complex tachycardia if the rhythm persists despite vagal maneuvers or adenosine or the tachycardia is recurrent c. To control the ventricular rate in AF with a rapid ventricular response without preexcitation d. Stable wide-complex tachycardia e. Stable monomorphic VT f. Polymorphic VT with a normal QT interval

Question 36

Amiodarone Contraindications

Answer 36

.a. Known hypersensitivity b. Iodine hypersensitivity c. Cardiogenic shock d. Second- or third-degree AV block e. Sick sinus syndrome

Question 37

Amiodarone Adverse reactions/side effects

Answer 37

a. Hypotension b. Heart failure c. Worsening of dysrhythmias d. Prolonged QT interval e. Bradycardia f. AV block g. Dizziness h. Fatigue i. Cough j. Progressive dyspnea k. Nausea/vomiting l. Burning at the IV site m. Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Question 38

Amiodarone Dosage and administration Adult

Answer 38

a. Adult i. Initial dose 300 mg IV/IO push ii. Second dose 150 mg IV/IO push iii. Loading dose 150 mg IV/IO over 10 minutes iv. Maximum cumulative dose: 2.2 g IV/IO per 24 hours

Question 39

Amiodarone Dosage and administration Pediatric:

Answer 39

i. 5 mg/kg IV/IO bolus ii. Maximum dose: 15 mg/kg IV per 24 hours

Question 40

Amiodarone Duration of action

Answer 40

Onset: 2 hours. Peak effect: 3 to 7 hours. Duration: Variable.