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CCAC Pharmacology > Week 3 Drug Quiz Cards > Flashcards

Week 3 Drug Quiz Cards Flashcards

1
Q

Acetylcysteine

A

(Mucomyst, Acetadote)

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2
Q

Acetylcysteine Class:

A

Acetaminophen antidote

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3
Q

Acetylcysteine Mechanism of action

A

a. Restores glutathione concentrations within the liver
b. Glutathione, an antioxidant, has many actions in the body, including detoxifying substances.

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4
Q

Acetylcysteine Indications

A

Acetaminophen overdose

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5
Q

Acetylcysteine Contraindications

A

a. Known hypersensitivity
b. Acute asthma

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6
Q

Acetylcysteine Adverse reactions/side effects

A

a. Urticaria
b. Flushing
c. Rash
d. Angioedema
e. Nausea

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7
Q

Acetylcysteine Dosage and administration

A

Adult and pediatric: 150mg/kg IV, mix in 200 mL of D5W and infuse over 1 hour; then give 50 mg/kg IV in 500 mL D5W and infuse over 4 hours; if IV access is not available, give acetylcysteine 140 mg/kg orally

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8
Q

Acetylcysteine Duration of action

A

Onset: 1 min
Peak effect: 5–15 min
Duration: 100 min

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9
Q

Diltiazem

A

(Cardizem, Dilacor, Diltiaz)

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10
Q

Diltiazem Class

A

Calcium channel blocker, antidysrhythmic (Class IV), antianginal agent

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11
Q

Diltiazem Mechanism of action

A

a. Inhibits extracellular calcium ion influx across membranes of myocardial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells
b. No effect on serum calcium concentrations
c. Substantial inhibitory effects on the cardiac conduction system
d. Less-negative inotropic effects than verapamil

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12
Q

Diltiazem Indications

A

Stable narrow-QRS tachycardia
i. Rhythm persists despite vagal maneuvers or administration of adenosine.
ii. Recurrent
b. To control the ventricular rate in patients with AF or atrial flutter without preexcitation

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13
Q

Diltiazem Contraindications

A

a. Known hypersensitivity
b. Hypotension
c. Cardiogenic shock
d. Wide-complex tachycardia
e. Second- or third-degree AV block
f. Sick sinus syndrome or other sinus node disease
g. Poison- or drug-induced tachycardia
h. AF or atrial flutter associated with an accessory bypass tract
i. Avoid use in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction or decompensated heart failure.
j. Use with extreme caution in patients taking oral beta blockers.

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14
Q

Diltiazem Adverse reactions/side effects

A

a. Dizziness
b. Weakness
c. Headache
d. Dyspnea
e. Dysrhythmias including cardiac arrest
f. Heart failure
g. Peripheral edema
h. Hypotension
i. Syncope
j. Chest pain
k. Nausea/vomiting
l. Dry mouth

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15
Q

Diltiazem Dosage and administration

A

Adult: 15–20 mg (0.25 mg/kg) IV/IO slowly over 2min; after 15 min, a second bolus of 20–25 mg (0.35 mg/kg) IV/IO can be given slowly over 2 min
Pediatric: Not recommended

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16
Q

Diltiazem Duration of action

A

Onset: 2–5 min
Peak effect: Usually within 7 min
Duration: 1–3 hours

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17
Q

Droperidol

A

Inapsine

18
Q

Droperidol Class

A

Antiemetic, antipsychotic

19
Q

Droperidol Mechanism of action

A

a. Produces marked tranquilization and sedation
b. Reduces motor activity and anxiety
c. Possesses adrenergic-blocking, antifibrillatory, antihistaminic, and anticonvulsive properties

20
Q

Droperidol Indications

A

a. Chemical restraint
b. Acute delirium or psychosis

21
Q

Droperidol Contraindications

A

a. Known hypersensitivity
b. Known or suspected prolonged QT interval
c. Use with extreme caution in patients with bradycardia, cardiac disease, concurrent MAOI therapy, or use of Class I and Class III antidysrhythmics or other drugs.

22
Q

Droperidol Adverse reactions/side effects

A

a. QT interval prolongation
b. VT
c. TdP
d. Cardiac arrest
e. Mild to moderate hypotension
f. Hypertension
g. Tachycardia
h. Dizziness
i. Drowsiness
j. Restlessness
k. Anxiety
l. Dysphoria
m. Hyperactivity
n. Hallucinations
o. Extrapyramidal symptoms

23
Q

Droperidol Dosage and administration

A

Adult: Chemical restraint: 2.5 mg slow IV or 5 mg IM
Pediatric: Not routinely recommended

24
Q

Droperidol Duration of action

A

Onset: 3–10 min
Peak effect: 30 min
Duration: 2–4 hours

25
Q

Famotidine Pepcid

A

Pepcid

26
Q

Famotidine Class:

A

Antiulcer, H2 blocker

27
Q

Famotidine Mechanism of action:

A

Inhibits volume and concentration of gastric secretions

28
Q

Famotidine Indications:

A

GI ulcer, GI bleeding, GERD, urticaria and/or pruritus

29
Q

Famotidine Adverse/side effects:

A

Constipation, diarrhea, rhabdomyolysis, seizures, pneumonia, agitation, vomiting, headache, dizziness, vitamin B12 deficiency; prolonged QT interval

30
Q

Famotidine Contraindications:

A

Hypersensitivity to famotidine or other H2 blockers

31
Q

Famotidine Dosage and administration

A

Adult: 20 mg IV, 20mg orally twice daily

Pediatric: 0.25 mg/kg dose every 12 hours IV, 0.5 mg/kg orally

32
Q

Famotidine Duration of action

A

Onset: 60 min
Peak effect: 1–3 hours
Duration: 10–12 hours

33
Q

Amiodarone Class

A

Antidysrhythmic (Class III).

34
Q

Amiodarone Mechanism of action

A

Blocks sodium, potassium, and calcium channels;

prolongs the action potential’s duration and delays repolarization;

decreases AV conduction and sinoatrial (SA) node function.

35
Q

Amiodarone Indications

A

a. Cardiac arrest resulting from VF or pulseless VT after CPR, defibrillation, and epinephrine
b. Stable, regular narrow-complex tachycardia if the rhythm persists despite vagal maneuvers or adenosine or the tachycardia is recurrent
c. To control the ventricular rate in AF with a rapid ventricular response without preexcitation
d. Stable wide-complex tachycardia
e. Stable monomorphic VT
f. Polymorphic VT with a normal QT interval

36
Q

Amiodarone Contraindications

A

.a. Known hypersensitivity
b. Iodine hypersensitivity
c. Cardiogenic shock
d. Second- or third-degree AV block
e. Sick sinus syndrome

37
Q

Amiodarone Adverse reactions/side effects

A

a. Hypotension
b. Heart failure
c. Worsening of dysrhythmias
d. Prolonged QT interval
e. Bradycardia
f. AV block
g. Dizziness
h. Fatigue
i. Cough
j. Progressive dyspnea
k. Nausea/vomiting
l. Burning at the IV site
m. Stevens-Johnson syndrome

38
Q

Amiodarone Dosage and administration Adult

A

a. Adult
i. Initial dose 300 mg IV/IO push
ii. Second dose 150 mg IV/IO push
iii. Loading dose 150 mg IV/IO over 10 minutes
iv. Maximum cumulative dose: 2.2 g IV/IO per 24 hours

39
Q

Amiodarone Dosage and administration Pediatric:

A

i. 5 mg/kg IV/IO bolus

ii. Maximum dose: 15 mg/kg IV per 24 hours

40
Q

Amiodarone Duration of action

A

Onset: 2 hours. Peak effect: 3 to 7 hours. Duration: Variable.

CCAC Pharmacology (12 decks)

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