Med indcations Flashcards
EPINEPHRINE CLASS:
SYMPATHETIC AGONIST
NITROGLYCERIN CLASS:
: ANTI-ANGINAL AGENT
EPINEPHRINE DOSE:
1:10,ooo | 1 mg IV/IO 3-5 minutes
1:1,ooo | 0.3 mg IM (AAC)
5 mg nebulizer (Stridor)
Pediatric: 0.01 mg/kg
EPINEPHRINE INDICATIONS:
1:10,ooo | Cardiac arrest
1:1,ooo | Asthma, anaphlaxis, COPD
EPINEPHRINE ADVERSE REACTIONS:
N/V, palpatations, headaches,
nervousness
EPINEPHRINE CONTRAINDICATIONS:
Hypersensitivity/allergic, tachycardia,
or hypertensive
NITROGLYCERIN CLASS:
: ANTI-ANGINAL AGENT
NITROGLYCERIN ADVERSE REACTIONS:
Dizziness, headache,
hypotension
NITROGLYCERIN DOSE:
04.mg SL 3-5 minutes,
IV nitroglycerin 10-50 mcg/min
NITROGLYCERIN CONTRAINDICATIONS:
Hypersensitivity/allergic, ED Meds
last 48 hours, hypotension, right
ventricular infarction
NITROGLYCERIN INDICATIONS:
Chest pain / ACS / CHF
NITROGLYCERIN MECHANISM OF ACTION:
Vasodilator, relaxes smooth muscle,
decreases preload & oxygen demand. D
NOREPINEPHRINE CLASS:
: SYMPATHETIC AGONIST
NOREPINEPHRINE MECHANISM OF ACTION:
Naturally occurring catecholamine that
acts on both the alpha and beta receptors
as a agonist. Potent vasoconstrictor,
increased blood pressure. Alpha effects
tend to be more profound
NOREPINEPHRINE INDICATIONS:
Shock (to maintain blood pressure/tissue
perfusion), severe hypotension, and
post resuscitation
NOREPINEPHRINE CONTRAINDICATIONS:
Hypersensitivity/allergic, tachycardia
NOREPINEPHRINE ADVERSE REACTIONS:
Palpations, anxiety, tachycardia,
tremors
NOREPINEPHRINE DOSE:
1-30 mcg/min via IV pump
NOREPINEPHRINE SPECIAL CONSIDERATION:
One of the strongest vasopressors
available, monitor blood pressure
closely.
DOPAMINE CLASS:
SYMPATHETIC AGONIST
DOPAMINE MECHANISM OF ACTION:
Dopamine is a sympathetic agonist that
acts on alpha1, beta1 and D1 + D2
(dopamine) receptors, which effect depends on thedose. Alpha1
: Vasoconstriction |Beta1
: Increased HR/contractility | D1+D2
:
increased blood flow, kidneys/intestines
DOPAMINE INDICATIONS:
Hypotension (severe), cardiogenic shock,
bradycardia (if atropine doesn’t work)
DOPAMINE CONTRAINDICATIONS:
Adrenal tumor, hypovolemic shock
DOPAMINE ADVERSE REACTIONS:
N/V, palpatations, headaches,
nervousness
DOPAMINE DOSE -
Titrate to Effect:
D1+D2: 2-5 mcg/kg/min
Beta1: 5-10 mcg/kg/min
Alpha1: 10-20 mcg/kg/min
Pedi: 2-20 mcg/kg/min
ALL IV DRIPS
DOPAMINE SPECIAL CONSIDERATION:
Make sure your IV is patent and secured.
Fix hypovolemia before using dopamine.
AMIODARONE CLASS:
: ANTI-DYSRHYTHMIC
AMIODARONE MECHANISM OF ACTION:
Prolongs the action potential and
refractory period, slows electrical
conduction rate. Sodium, calcium,
potassium channel blocker
AMIODARONE INDICATIONS:
V-tach, V-fib, wide complex
rapid tachycardia
AMIODARONE CONTRAINDICATIONS:
Hypersensitivity/allergic, bradycardia
AMIODARONE ADVERSE REACTIONS:
Dizziness, drowsiness
AMIODARONE DOSE:
Arrest: 150-300 mg IV/IO
Stable: 150mg over 10 mins via IV/IO drip
AMIODARONE SPECIAL CONSIDERATION:
Vitals and ECG before and after
administering with cardiac monitoring,
this medication has a half life of 45 days.
LIDOCAINE CLASS
: ANTI-DYSRHYTHMIC
LIDOCAINE MECHANISM OF ACTION:
Sodium channel blocker
that decreases ventricular
irritability and reduces the
speed of impulses.
LIDOCAINE INDICATIONS:
V-Tach / V-Fib
LIDOCAINE CONTRAINDICATIONS:
Hypersensitivity/allergic,
bradycardia
LIDOCAINE ADVERSE REACTIONS:
Anxiety, N/V, drowsy
LIDOCAINE DOSE:
1 mg/kg IV/IO
LIDOCAINE SPECIAL CONSIDERATION:
Cardiac monitoring, consider
12-lead ECG after administering,
use a different IV site if giving
after amiodarone
ATROPINE CLASS:
ANTI-CHOLINERGIC AGENT
ATROPINE MECHANISM OF ACTION:
Potent parasympatholytic, that inhibits
actions of acetylcholine. Thus indirectly,
increased HR and AV conduction, decreases
GI secretions and dilates pupils.
ATROPINE INDICATIONS:
Organophosphate poisoning,
symptomatic bradycardia.
ATROPINE CONTRAINDICATIONS:
Hypersensitivity/allergic, tachycardia
ATROPINE ADVERSE REACTIONS:
Tachycardia, flush, hot skin
ATROPINE DOSE:
Bradycardia: 0.5-1 mg IV/IO every 3-5
mins as needed.
Organophosphate OD: 2mg, then 4mg,
then 8 mg, can be given every 5 minutes
until desired effect achieved.
ATROPINE SPECIAL CONSIDERATION:
Your RSI protocol may include atropine
to be given prior to intubation to decrease
chance of reflex bradycardia.
ADENOSINE CLASS:
: ANTIDYSRHYTHMIC
ADENOSINE MECHANISM OF ACTION:
Derived from the breakdown of ATP,
adenosine slows AV conduction,
decreases HR, acts as a “chemical
cardioversion”
ADENOSINE INDICATIONS:
SVT | Rapid tachycardias
ADENOSINE CONTRAINDICATIONS:
Bradycardia, hypersensitivity/allergic
ADENOSINE ADVERSE REACTIONS:
Palpitations, near-syncope,
dizzness, lightheadedness, chest
pain, flushing, anxiety.
ADENOSINE DOSE:
Adult: 6 mg, rapid IV/IO push. Can be
followed up by 12 mg.
Pediatrics: 0.1 mg/kg
ADENOSINE SPECIAL CONSIDERATION:
While giving drug press print button
on monitor to have print out of the effect
on ECG. Do your best to get IV placement
in AC or higher with larger bore.
DILTIAZEM CLASS:
: CALCIUM CHANNEL
BLOCKER
DILTIAZEM MECHANISM OF ACTION:
A calcium channel blocker, slows AV
conduction, results in decreased HR/BP.
Decreased oxygen demand on heart.
DILTIAZEM INDICATIONS:
Rapid atrial fibrillation, rapid atrial flutter,
can be used as second line treatment after
adenosine for SVT.
DILTIAZEM CONTRAINDICATIONS:
Bradycardia, hypersensitivity/allergic,
hypotension
DILTIAZEM ADVERSE REACTIONS:
Bradycardia, hypotension,
dizziness, lightheadedness, syncope
DILTIAZEM DOSE:
0.25 mg/kg IV/IO (common dosing
would be 15 mg IV/IO in adult for
example)
DILTIAZEM SPECIAL CONSIDERATION:
Watch closely for hypotension or
bradycardia after administering, use
cardiac monitoring and consider a
12-lead ECG.
