Week 3 Day 1 Flashcards by Maggie McDonell

Q

Alkanes

A

Contain carbon-carbon single bonds and carbon-hydrogen bonds

BP increases with increasing molecular weight, so larger Alkanes are less volatile than smaller ones

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Q

methane

A

CH₄

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Q

Ethane

A

C₂H₆

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Q

Propane

A

C₃H₈

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Q

Butane

A

C₄H₁₀

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Q

Pentane

A

C₅H₁₂

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Q

Hexane

A

C₆H₁₄

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Q

Heptane

A

C₇H₁₆

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Q

Octane

A

C₈H₁₈

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Q

Nonane

A

C₉H₂₀

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Q

Alkyl

A

An Alkane minus a Hydrogen. In place of Hydrogen, the alkyl will bond to something else.

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Q

How to name alkanes

A

name the longest alkane. This is the parent chain
name the substituent alkyl groups in alphabetical order
us multipliers to indicate number of identical substituents (di, tri, tetra, penta)
number the parent chain from the end. Start on side with substituents closest to the edge.
Number the substituents

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Q

cycloalkanes

A

Alkanes that form a ring.

Prefix name with “cyclo-“

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Q

Alkene

A

Contain at least one carbon-carbone double bond as well as carbon-hydrogen bonds.

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Q

Ethene

A

C₂H₄

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Q

Propene

A

C₃H₆

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Q

Butene

A

C₄H₈

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Q

naming Alkenes

A

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Q

A

alkene

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Q

A

alkyne

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Q

C-OH

A

Alcohol

Q

C–X

A

Any halogen (group 7)

Q

A

amine

Q

A

aldehyde

-al

Q

A

Ketone

-one

Q

A

Carboxycilic acid

-oic acid

Q

A

ester

Q

A

amide

Q

A

nitrile

Q

A

Benzene

Aromatic

Q

A

Phenol

Aromatic alcohol

Q

A

Ether

-The smaller alkyl goes first, followed by “-oxy-“ then the larger alkyl group

Q

A

nitrogenous heteroaromatics

non-benzenoid rings that contain nitrogen

Q

A

pyrimidine

Q

A

Purine

Q

chiral

A

a molecule that cannot be superimposed on its mirror image

Any C with four different things coming off of it.

Q

A

isopropyl alcohol

2-propanol

Propan-2-ol

Q

A

polyethene

high density- lots of bonds

low density- not as many

Q

A

enflurane

2-chloro- 1, 1, 2-triflouroethyl-diflouromethyl ether

1-chloro-2-(diflouromethoxy)-1,2,2-triflouro-ethane

Q

A

Isoflurane

1-chloro-2,2,2-triflouroethyl-diflouromethyl ether

2-chloro-2-(diflouromethoxy)-1,1,1-triflouro-ether

Q

A

Sevoflurane

1,1,1,3,3,3-hexaflouroisopropyl-flouromethyl ether

1,1,1,3,3,3-helaflouro-2-(flouromethoxy)-propane

Q

A

Halothane

2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-triflouroethane

Q

A

Desflurane

2-(diflouromethoxy) 1,1,1,2 tetraflouro ethane

Q

A

polypropylene

Q

A

PVC

Significantly higher melting point because of Cl

Q

A

Polystyrene

highly flamable, not very strong intermolecular forces

Q

A

Methanol

methyl alcohol

Q

A

ethanol

ethyl alcohol

Q

A

1,2-ethandiol (ethylene glycol

Ethane-1,2-diol

Q

A

Methylamine

Q

A

glycine

aminoethanoic acid